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1857
*** Shopping-Tip: 1857
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'''Years:''' 1854 1855 1856 - 1857 -
1858 1859 1860
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'''Decades:''' 1820s 1830s 1840s - '''
1850s''' -
1860s 1870s 1880s
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'''Centuries:''' 18th century - '''
19th century''' -
20th century
{{C19YearInTopic}}
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'''1857''' was a
common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar).
Events
*
January 9 -
Earthquake at
Fort Tejon, California with an estimated magnitude of 7.9
*
February 16 - The
National Deaf Mute College (later renamed
Gallaudet University) is established in
Washington, DC becoming the first school for the advanced education of the
deaf.
*
March 3 -
France and the
United Kingdom declare
Second Opium War war on
China.
*
March 4 - End of term for
President of the United States Franklin Pierce. He is succeeded by
James Buchanan.
*
March 5 – In
London, ex-
solicitor James Towsend Saward is sentenced for transportation for forging number of cheques over the years.
*
March 6 - The
Supreme Court of the United States rules in the ''
Dred Scott v. Sandford'' case, driving the country further towards the
American Civil War.
*
March 21 -
Earthquake in
Tokyo,
Japan kills over 100,000.
*
March 23 -
Elisha Otis' first
elevator is installed (at 488
Broadway (New York City) Broadway,
New York City)
*
May 10 -
Indian rebellion of 1857 India's first War of Independece of 1857: In
India, the
Mutiny of
XI Native Cavalry of the
Bengal Army in
Meerut, revolt against the
Military of the United Kingdom British Army.
*
May 11 -
Indian combatants capture
Delhi from the
United Kingdom British.
*
June 6 -
Sophia of Nassau marries the future
Monarch of Sweden King Oscar II of Sweden Oscar II of
Sweden-Norway.
*
July 15 - Second
Cawnpore massacre during the
Indian rebellion of 1857.
*
August -
Calcutta University established.
*
September 11 -
Mountain Meadows Massacre in
Utah.
*
October 24 -
Sheffield F.C., the world's first
football (soccer) team, is founded in
Sheffield,
England.
*
November 30 - End of term for
List of Presidents of Mexico President of Mexico Ignacio Comonfort. He is succeeded by
Felix Zuloaga Félix MarÃa Zuloaga.
*
December 16 - An
earthquake with an estimated
Richter scale magnitude of 6.9 kills 11,000 people in
Naples,
Italy.
*
December 31 - Queen
Victoria of the United Kingdom Victoria chooses
Ottawa, Ontario as the capital of
Canada.
Unknown dates
*
Divorce without
parliamentary approval becomes legal in
United Kingdom Britain
* Speculation in
United States U.S. railway shares causes financial crisis in
Europe.
*
Russian
serfs emancipated.
* The
Mormons abandon
Las Vegas, Nevada Las Vegas.
* Founding of
Hollywood.
* Restoration of the
Mexican republic (see
Mexico/History).
* Discovery of
La Tene culture artifacts in
Switzerland by
Hansli Kopp.
*
Philip Henry Gosse writes ''
Omphalos'' text elaborating a
Creationism Creationist school of thought.
*
University of Bombay established.
* The
Mughal Empire is finally destroyed by the
British Empire.
* The
city walls of
Vienna are demolished, allowing the construction of the
Ringstraße.
*
Sweden lifts its ban on
Danish language and
Danish language Danish books in the formerly
Denmark Danish provinces of
Blekinge,
Halland and
Skåne Scania - 214 respectively 199 years after the annexion.
*
William Daniel,
United States American politician proposes
Local Option for
prohibition.
* The formation of
Sheffield F.C. the first and oldest
Football (
Soccer) club in the world.
Births
*
January 4 -
Émile Courtet, French caricaturist and animator (d.
1938)
*
January 26 -
Trinley Gyatso, 12th Dalai Lama the 12th Dalai Lama (d.
1875)
*
February 12 -
Bobby Peel, English cricketer (d.
1943)
*
February 22 - Lord
Robert Baden-Powell, English founder of the
Scouting movement (d.
1941)
*
February 22 -
Heinrich Hertz, German physicist (d.
1894)
*
March 7 -
Julius Wagner-Jauregg, Austrian neuroscientist, recipient of the
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d.
1940)
*
March 8 -
Ruggiero Leoncavallo, Italian composer (d.
1919)
*
March 30 -
Thevenin Leon Charles Thevenin, French telegraph engineer (d. 1926)
*
April 5 -
Alexander of Battenberg, first Prince of Bulgaria (d.
1893)
*
May 7 -
William A. MacCorkle, Governor of West Virginia (d.
1930)
*
May 13 -
Ronald Ross, English physician, recipient of the
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d.
1932)
*
May 15 -
Williamina Fleming, Scottish astronomer (d.
1911)
*
May 19 -
John Jacob Abel, American pharmacologist (d.
1938)
*
May 31 -
Pope Pius XI (d.
1939)
*
June 2 -
Edward Elgar, English composer (d.
1934)
*
June 2 -
Karl Adolph Gjellerup, Danish writer,
Nobel Prize in Literature Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1919)
*
July 23 -
Carl Meinhof, German linguist (d.
1944)
*
July 24 -
Henrik Pontoppidan, Danish writer,
Nobel Prize in Literature Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1943)
*
July 28 -
Ballington Booth,
Salvation Army Officer and co-founder of
Volunteers of America (d. 1940)
*
July 30 -
Thorstein Veblen, Norwegian economist (d.
1929)
*
September 5 -
Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, Russian scientist and inventor (d.
1935)
*
September 13 -
Michal Drzymala Michał Drzymała, Polish peasant and revolutionary (d.
1937)
*
September 13 -
Milton S. Hershey, American chocolate manufacturer (d.
1945)
*
September 15 -
William Howard Taft, 27th
President of the United States (d.
1930)
*
November 17 -
George Marchant, English-born inventor, manufacturer, and philanthropist (d.
1941)
*
November 26 -
Ferdinand de Saussure, Swiss linguist (d.
1913)
*
November 27 -
Charles Scott Sherrington, English physiologist,
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1952)
*
November 28 - King
Alfonso XII of Spain (d.
1885)
*
November 30 -
Bobby Abel, English cricketer (d.
1936)
*
December 3 -
Joseph Conrad, Polish-British novelist (d.
1924)
*
Joseph Tabrar, British songwriter (d.
1931)
* Unknown date -
Lucy Bacon, Californian
Impressionist Painter {d.
1932}
Deaths
*
February 10 -
David Thompson (explorer) David Thompson, British-Canadian explorer (b.
1770)
*
February 15 -
Mikhail Glinka, Russian composer (b.
1804)
*
May 2 -
Alfred de Musset, French poet (b.
1810)
*
May 11 -
Eugène François Vidocq, French criminal and private detective (b.
1775)
*
May 23 -
Augustin Louis Cauchy, French mathematician (b.
1789)
*
July 15 -
Carl Czerny, Austrian composer (b.
1791)
*
July 19 -
Stefano Franscini,
member of the Swiss Federal Council (b.
1796)
*
August 3 -
Eugène Sue, French novelist (b.
1804)
*
September 3 -
John McLoughlin, Canadian trapper (b.
1784)
*
November 18 -
William Tylee Ranney, German artist (b.
1813)
*
November 26 -
Joseph von Eichendorff, German poet (b.
1788)
*
December 3 -
Christian Daniel Rauch, German sculptor (b.
1777)
*
December 15 -
Sir George Cayley, English aviation pioneer (b.
1773)
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Category:1850s
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*** Shopping-Tip: 1857
