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1877
*** Shopping-Tip: 1877
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'''Years:''' 1874 1875 1876 - 1877 -
1878 1879 1880
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'''Decades:''' 1840s 1850s 1860s - '''
1870s''' -
1880s 1890s 1900s
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'''Centuries:''' 18th century - '''
19th century''' -
20th century
{{C19YearInTopic}}
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'''1877 (MDCCCLXXVII)''' was a
common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar).
Events
January - April
*
January 1 -
Victoria of the United Kingdom Queen Victoria proclaimed Empress of
India by the
Royal Titles Act, introduced by
United Kingdom Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli.
*
January 8 -
Crazy Horse and his warriors fight their last battle with the
United States Cavalry (
Montana)
*
January 20 -
Ottoman Empire Ottoman Turkey rejects proposals of internal reform and Balkan provisions -
Conference of Constantinople ends
*
March 2 - In the
Compromise of 1877, the
U.S. presidential election, 1876 U.S. presidential election of 1876 is resolved with the selection of
Rutherford B. Hayes as the winner even though
Samuel J. Tilden had won the popular vote on
November 7,
1876
*
March 4 -
Emile Berliner invents the
microphone.
*
March 4 -
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's
ballet ''
Swan Lake'' debuts
*
March 15 - The first
Test cricket match, between
England and
Australia
*
March 24 - For the first and only time in history, the
Boat Race between the Universities of
University of Cambridge Cambridge and
University of Oxford Oxford is declared a "dead heat" (i.e. a draw).
*
April 24 -
Russia declares war on
Turkey
May - August
*
May 5 -
Indian Wars:
Sitting Bull leads his band of
Lakota into
Canada to avoid harassment by the
United States Army under Colonel
Nelson Miles.
*
May 6 - Realizing that his people were weakened by cold and hunger, Chief
Crazy Horse of the
Oglala Sioux surrenders to
United States troops in
Nebraska.
*
May 8 - At
Gilmore's Gardens in
New York City, the first
Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show opens (ends
May 11).
*
May 10 -
Romania declares itself independent from
Turkey (recognized in
1881 after the end of the Romanian independence war).
*
May 16 - Romania declares war on Turkey
*
June 15 -
Henry Ossian Flipper becomes the first
African American cadet to graduate from the
United States Military Academy.
*
June 21 - The
Molly Maquires hanged at
Carbon County prison in
Jim Thorpe, Pennsylvania
*
June 26 - Eruption of
Cotopaxi Mount Cotopaxi in
Ecuador causes severe mudflows that wipe out surrounding cities and valleys - 1000 dead
*
June 30 - British Mediterranean fleet is sent to
Besika Bay
*
July 9 - All England Croquet and Lawn Tennis Club begins its first lawn tennis tournament at Wimbledon.
*
July 19 - First battle in the
Siege of Pleven.
*
July 21 - A day after bloody
rioting in
Baltimore, Maryland Baltimore from
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad workers and the deaths of 9 rail workers at the hands of the
Maryland militia, workers in
Pittsburgh stage a sympathy
Strike action strike that is met with an assault by the state militia - Pittsburgh then erupts into widespread rioting.
*
July 30 - Second battle in the
Siege of Pleven.
*
August 9 -
Indian Wars:
Battle of Big Hole - Near
Big Hole River in
Montana, a small band of
Nez Percé Indians who refused government orders to move to a reservation, clash with the
United States Army. The army lost 29 soldiers and Indians lost 89 warriors in a US Army win.
*
August 12 -
Asaph Hall discovers
Deimos (moon) Deimos, outer
natural satellite moon of
Mars (planet) Mars.
*
August 17 -
Arizona blacksmith F.P. Cahill is fatally wounded by
Billy the Kid. Cahill will die the next day, becoming the first person killed by the Kid.
*
August 18 -
Asaph Hall discovers
Phobos (moon) Phobos, inner
natural satellite moon of
Mars (planet) Mars.
September - December
*
September 1 -
Battle of Lovcha, Third battle in the
Siege of Pleven.
*
September 5 -
Indian Wars: Oglala
Sioux chief
Crazy Horse is
bayoneted by a
United States soldier after resisting confinement in a guardhouse at
Fort Robinson in
Nebraska.
*
October 10 - Following the recovery of Lieutenant-Colonel
George Armstrong Custer's body from where he fell during the
Battle of Little Big Horn the previous year, Custer is given a funeral with full military honors and is laid to rest at the
United States Military Academy at
West Point, New York.
*
November 21 -
Thomas Edison announces his invention of the
phonograph, a machine that can record sound (this is considered to be Edison's first great invention) (Edison demonstrated the device for the first time on
November 29).
*
December 9 - Fourth battle, concluding the
Siege of Pleven.
*
December 14 -
Serbia restates its previous declaration of war against Turkey
Ongoing events
* War between
Russia and the
Ottoman Empire (
Russo-Turkish War), leading to the formation of
Bulgaria in
1878. See
Russian Foreign Affairs after the Crimean War.
Unknown date
*
Nineteenth Century magazine founded.
Births
*
January 2 -
Slava Raskaj, Croatian painter (d.
1906)
*
February 7 -
G. H. Hardy, British mathematician (d.
1947)
*
February 14 -
Edmund Landau, German mathematician (d.
1938)
*
February 17 -
André Maginot, French politician (d.
1932)
*
February 19 -
Gabriele Munter Gabriele Münter, German painter (d.
1962)
*
February 25 -
Erich von Hornbostel, Austrian musicologist (d.
1935)
*
March 2 -
Consuelo Vanderbilt, Duchess of Marlborough (d.
1964)
*
March 16 -
Reza Pahlavi of Iran Reza Pahlavi,
Shah of Iran (d.
1944)
*
March 18 -
Edgar Cayce, American psychic (d.
1945)
*
May 3 -
Karl Abraham, German psychoanalyst (d.
1925)
*
June 4 -
Heinrich Otto Wieland, German chemist,
Nobel Prize in Chemistry Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1957)
*
June 7 -
Charles Glover Barkla, English physicist,
Nobel Prize in Physics Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1944)
*
June 14 -
Jane Bathori, French opera singer (d.
1970)
*
July 2 -
Hermann Hesse, German-born writer,
Nobel Prize in Literature Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1962)
*
July 6 -
Arnaud Massy, French golfer (d.
1950)
*
July 13 -
Erik Scavenius,
Prime Minister of Denmark (d.
1962)
*
July 19 -
Arthur Fielder, English cricketer (d.
1949)
*
July 17 -
Ernst von Dohnanyi, Hungarian conductor (d.
1960)
*
August 6 -
Wallace H. White, Jr., U.S. Senator from Maine (d.
1952)
*
August 7 -
Ulrich Salchow, Swedish figure skater (d.
1949)
*
September 1 -
Francis William Aston, English chemist,
Nobel Prize in Chemistry Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1945)
*
September 2 -
Frederick Soddy, English chemist,
Nobel Prize in Chemistry Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1956)
*
September 6 -
Buddy Bolden, American jazz musician (d.
1930)
*
September 26 -
Alfred Cortot, Swiss pianist (d.
1962)
*
October 4 -
Razor Smith, English cricketer (d.
1946)
*
October 27 -
George Thompson (cricketer) George Thompson, English cricketer (d.
1943)
*
November 9 -
Allama Iqbal, Indian philosopher and poet (d.
1938)
*
November 15 -
William Hope Hodgson, English author (d.
1918)
*
November 22 -
Endre Ady, Hungarian poet (d.
1919)
*
December 3 -
Richard Pearse, New Zealand airplane pioneer (d.
1953)
*
Alois Kayser, German missionary (d.
1944)
Deaths
*
January 4 -
Cornelius Vanderbilt, American entrepreneur (b.
1794)
*
August 29 -
Brigham Young, American Mormon leader (b.
1801)
*
September 2 -
Constantine Kanaris, Greek politician (b.
1795)
*
September 5 -
Crazy Horse, Oglala Sioux chief (b.
1849)
*
October 16 -
Theodore Barrière, French dramatist (b.
1823)
*
November 2 -
Friedrich Graf von Wrangel, Prussian field marshal (b.
1784)
*
December 31 -
Gustave Courbet, French painter (b.
1819)
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