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1944
*** Shopping-Tip: 1944
{{yearbox|
| in?=
| cp=19th century
| c=20th century
| cf=21st century
| yp1=1941
| yp2=1942
| yp3=1943
| year=1944
| ya1=1945
| ya2=1946
| ya3=1947
| dp3=1910s
| dp2=1920s
| dp1=1930s
| d=1940s
| dn1=1950s
| dn2=1960s
| dn3=1970s
}}
{{C20YearInTopic}}
'''1944''' ('''
Roman numerals MCMXLIV''') was a
leap year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1944 calendar).
Events
World War II
=January
=
*
January 4 - The
Battle of Monte Cassino begins.
*
January 5 - Murder of
Denmark Danish playwright
Kaj Munk.
*
January 14 - The Soviet troops start the offensive at
Saint Petersburg Leningrad and
Novgorod.
*
January 17 -
United Kingdom British forces, in
Italy, cross the
Garigliano River.
*
January 17 - Meat Rationing ends in
Australia.
*
January 20 - The
Royal Air Force drops 2,300 tons of bombs on
Berlin. The
US 36th Infantry Division U.S. Army 36th Infantry Division, in Italy, attempts to cross the
Rapido River.
*
January 22 -
Allies begin
Operation Shingle, the assault on
Anzio,
Italy. The
U.S. 45th Infantry Division U.S. Army 45th Infantry Division stand their ground at Anzio against violent assaults for 4 months.
*
January 27 - The two year
Siege of Leningrad is lifted.
*
January 29 - The
Battle of Cisterna takes place.
*
January 30 -
United States troops invade
Majuro, Marshall Islands.
*
January 31 - American forces land on
Kwajalein Atoll and other islands in the
Japanese-held
Marshall Islands.
=February
=
*
February 1 -
United States troops land in the
Marshall Islands.
*
February 3 -
United States troops capture the
Marshall Islands.
*
February 7 - In
Anzio,
Italy Italian forces launch a counteroffensive.
*
February 14 - Anti-
Japanese revolt on
Java (island) Java.
*
February 15 -
Battle of Monte Cassino - the monastery atop
Monte Cassino is destroyed by Allied bombing.
*
February 17 -
Battle of Eniwetok Atoll begins. The battle ended in an American victory on
February 22.
*
February 20 - "Big Week" begins with American bomber raids on
Germany German aircraft manufacturing centers.
*
February 20 - The
United States takes
Eniwetok Island.
*
February 29 - The
Admiralty Islands are invaded in the American General
Douglas MacArthur-led
Operation Brewer.
=March
=
*
March - The Japanese launch an offensive in central and south
China.
*
March 1 -
USS Tarawa (CV-40) USS Tarawa and
USS Kearsarge (CV-33) USS Kearsarge laid down.
*
March 1 - Anti-
fascist Strike action strike in northern
Italy.
*
March 2 -
Train stalls inside a railway tunnel outside
Salerno,
Italy - 426 choke to death
*
March 3 - The
Order of Nakhimov and the
Order of Ushakov were instituted in
USSR
*
March 10 - In Britain the
Education Act lifts the ban on women
teachers marrying.
*
March 12 - The Creation of the politic Committee of national liberation in
Greece.
*
March 15 -
Battle of Monte Cassino -
Allies Allied aircraft bomb German-held monastery and stage an assault.
*
March 15 - The National Counsil of the
French Resistance approves the
Resistance movement Resistance programme.
*
March 17 - The hitlerists assassinate at
Rîbniţa almost 400 prisoners, Soviet citizens and anti-
fascist Romanians.
*
March 18 -
Germany German forces occupy
Hungary.
*
March 20 -
Royal Air Force RAF Flight Sergeant
Nicholas Alkemade's bomber is hit over Germany and he has to bail out without a
parachute from the height of over 4000 meters. Tree branches interrupt his fall and he lands safely on deep snow
*
March 23 - members of the
Italian Resistance attack
Nazis marching in
via Rasella. 33 Nazis are killed.
*
March 24 - the
Fosse Ardeatine massacre in Rome, Italy. 335 Italians are killed, including 75 Jews and over 200 members of the
Italian Resistance from various groups.
=May
=
*
May 5 -
Mohandas Gandhi released in
India.
*
May 9 - Soviet troops liberate
Sevastopol.
*
May 12 - Soviet troops finalize the liberation of
Crimea.
*
May 18 -
Battle of Monte Cassino - Germans evacuate
Monte Cassino and
Allies Allied forces take the stronghold after a struggle that claimed 20,000 lives.
*
May 18 - Deportation of
Crimean Tatars by the
Soviet Union government.
=June
=
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*
June 2 - The provisional
France French government is established.
*
June 4 - A hunter-killer group of the
United States Navy captures the
Germany German submarine
Unterseeboot-505 U-505, marking the first time a U.S. Navy vessel had captured an enemy vessel at
sea since the
19th century.
*
June 4 - American, English and French troops enter
Rome.
*
June 5 -
Rome falls to the
Allied powers Allies. It is the first capital of an
Axis powers Axis nation to fall.
*
June 5 - More than 1000
United Kingdom British bombers drop 5000 tons of bombs on
Germany German gun batteries on the
Normandy coast in preparation for
D-Day.
*
June 6 -
Battle of Normandy begins - ''Operation Overlord'', code named
D-Day, commences with the landing of 155,000
Allies Allied troops on the beaches of
Normandy in
France. The allied soldiers quickly break through the
Atlantic Wall and push inland in the largest amphibious
military operation in history.
*
June 9 -
Stalin launches an offensive against
Finland with the intent of defeating Finland before pushing for
Berlin.
*
June 10 - 642 men, women and children are killed in the
Oradour-sur-Glane Massacre in
France.
*
June 13 -
Germany launches a
V1 Flying Bomb attack on
England.
*
June 15 -
Battle of Saipan: The
United States invades
Saipan.
*
June 17 - The proclamation and discovery of the Republic of
Iceland.
*
June 22 -
Operation Bagration: General attack by
Soviet forces to clear the
Germany German forces from
Belarus which resulted in the destruction of the German
Army Group Centre, possibly the greatest defeat of the Wehrmacht during WWII.
*
June 25 - The
Battle of Tali-Ihantala between Finnish and Soviet troops begins. Largest battle ever to be fought in the
Nordic countries.
*
June 26 - American troops enter
Cherbourg.
=July
=
*
July 3 - Soviet troops liberate
Minsk.
*
July 9 -
United Kingdom British and
Canada Canadian forces capture
Caen.
*
July 10 - Soviet troops start the operations for freeing the Baltic countries.
*
July 13 - Liberation of
Vilnius.
*
July 17 - The largest convoy of the war embarks from
Halifax, Nova Scotia under
Royal Canadian Navy protection.
*
July 17 - SS ''E.A.Bryan'', loaded with ammunition, explodes in the
Port Chicago naval base - 320 dead
*
July 18 -
Hideki Tojo resigns as
Prime Minister of
Japan due to numerous setbacks in the war effort.
*
July 20 -
Adolf Hitler survives an
July 20 Plot assassination attempt. See
Claus von Stauffenberg
*
July 21 -
Battle of Guam -
United States American troops land on
Guam starting the battle (ends on
August 10).
*
July 21 - The creation of the Polish Committee for national liberation.
*
July 25 -
Operation Spring - One of the bloodiest days for
Canada Canadians during the war: 18,444 casualties, including 5,021 killed.
=August
=
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*
August 1 -
Warsaw Uprising begins.
*
August 2 -
Turkey ends diplomatic and economic relations with
Germany.
*
August 7 -
IBM dedicates the first program-controlled
calculator, the Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator (known best as the
Harvard Mark I).
*
August 12 - Allies capture
Florence,
Italy.
*
August 12 - World's first undersea
oil pipeline laid, between
England and
France in
Operation Pluto
*
August 15 -
Operation Dragoon lands Allies in southern
France.
U.S. 45th Infantry Division U.S. Army 45th Infantry Division participates in its fourth assault landing at St. Maxime, spearheading the drive for the Belfort Gap.
*
August 19 - (August 25) Victorious insurrection in
Paris.
*
August 23 -
Ion Antonescu, prime minister of
Romania, is arrested and a new government is established.
Romania exits the war against
Soviet Union joining the
Allies.
*
August 24 - Allies enter
Paris.
*
August 25 -
Hungary decides to continue the war together with
Germany.
*
August 29 -
Slovak National Uprising begins
=September
=
*
September 1 - In
Bulgaria, the
Bagrianov government resigns.
*
September 2 - Holocaust: Diarist Anne Frank and her family are placed on the last transport train from Westerbork to Auschwitz. They arrive three days later.
*
September 3 - Allies liberate
Brussels.
*
September 4 - The
United Kingdom British 11th Armored Division liberates the city of
Antwerp in
Belgium.
*
September 4 - Finland breaks off relations with
Germany.
*
September 5 - The Soviets declare war on
Bulgaria.
*
September 7 - The Belgian government returns from exile in Britain.
*
September 8 -
London is hit by a
V2 rocket for the first time.
*
September 8 - The French town of
Menton is liberated from
Germany.
*
September 9 - Insurrection in
Sofia.
*
September 11 - Northern and southern France invasion forces link up near
Dijon.
*
September 17 -
Operation Market Garden begins.
*
September 19 - Armistice between Finland and Soviet Union signed. (End of the
Continuation War)
*
September 20 -
Jüri Uluots, prime minister in capacity of president of
Estonia, escapes to
Sweden
*
September 24 - The
U.S. 45th Infantry Division U.S. Army 45th Infantry Division takes the strongly defended city of
Epinal before crossing the
Moselle River and entering the western foothills of the Vosges.
*
September 26 -
Operation Market Garden ends in an Allied withdrawal.
=October
=
*
October 2 -
Warsaw Uprising ends.
*
October 5 - Royal
Canada Canadian Air Force pilots shoot down the first
Germany German Jet aircraft jet fighter over
France.
*
October 6 -
Battle of Debrecen starts on the
eastern front (lasts until
October 29)
*
October 9 -
United Kingdom British Prime Minister
Winston Churchill and
Soviet Union Premier
Joseph Stalin begin a nine-day conference in
Moscow to discuss the future of
Europe.
*
October 12 - The Allies land at
Athens.
*
October 13 -
Riga, the capital of
Latvia is liberated by the
Red Army.
*
October 14 -
Germany German Field Marshal Erwin Rommel committed suicide rather than face execution for allegedly conspiring against
Adolf Hitler.
*
October 18 -
Volkssturm founded on
Hitler's orders.
*
October 20 -
Belgrade is liberated by Yugoslav Partisans and the
Red Army.
*
October 20 -
LNG explosion destroys a
square mile (2.6 km²) of
Cleveland, Ohio
*
October 21 -
Aachen is the first
Germany German city to fall.
*
October 23 - Naval
Battle of Leyte Gulf in the
Philippines begins (lasts until
October 26).
*
October 25 -
Florence Foster Jenkins recital in the
Carnegie Hall
*
October 25 -
Red Army liberates
Kirkenes, the first town in
Norway to be liberated from German occupation.
*
October 31 - Mass murderer
Marcel Petiot is apprehended in
Paris metro station
=December
=
*
December 16 - Germany begins the Ardennes offensive, later to become known as
Battle of the Bulge.
*
December 16 - General
George C. Marshall becomes the first
General of the Army (United States) Five-Star General.
*
December 17 - German troops carry out the
Malmédy massacre.
*
December 24 - The Bulge reaches its deepest point at
Celles.
*
December 26 - American troops repulse
Germany German forces at
Bastogne.
*
December 30 - King
George II of Greece declares a regency, leaving his throne vacant.
*
December 31 -
Hungary declares war on
Germany.
Other events
=January-July
=
*
January 5 - The ''
Daily Mail'' becomes the first transoceanic
newspaper.
*
January 15 - Earthquake in
San Juan,
Argentina, kills 8000-10000 people.
*
February 26 - - Shooting begins of the
Nazism Nazi propaganda film, "The Fuehrer Gives a Village to the Jews" in
Theresienstadt.
*
March 1 -
USS Tarawa (CV-40) USS Tarawa laid down
*
March 4 - In
Ossining (village), New York Ossining, New York,
Louis Buchalter, the leader of
1930s crime syndicate
Murder, Inc., is executed at
Sing Sing (prison) Sing Sing.
*
March 24 - In the Polish village of
Markowa, German police kill Józef and Wiktoria Ulm, their six children and eight Jewish people they were hiding.
*
April 25 - The
United Negro College Fund is incorporated.
*
May 30 -
Princess Charlotte, Duchess of Valentinois Princess Charlotte Louise Juliette Louvet Grimaldi of
Monaco, heir to the throne resigns from her rights in favor of her son
Rainier III, Prince of Monaco Prince Rainier Louis Henri Maxence Bertrand Grimaldi, later reigning Prince
Rainier III, Prince of Monaco Rainier III of Monaco.
*
June 17 -
Iceland declares full independence from
Denmark.
*
July 1 - Start of the
United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference at
Bretton Woods, New Hampshire.
*
July 6 - A fire broke out during a performance of the Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey circus in Hartford, Connecticut, resulting in the deaths of 168 people, most of them children. See ''
Hartford Circus Fire''
*
July 17 -
Port Chicago disaster: Near the
San Francisco Bay, two ships laden with
ammunition for the war explode in
Port Chicago, California killing 232.
*
July 22 - End of Bretton Woods conference and signing of Agreements.
=August-November
=
*
August 4 -
Holocaust: A tip from a
Netherlands Dutch informer leads the
Gestapo to a sealed-off area in an
Amsterdam warehouse where they find
Jewish diarist
Anne Frank and her family.
*
August 5 - Holocaust:
Poland Polish insurgents liberate a
Germany German labor camp in
Warsaw, freeing 348
Jewish prisoners.
*
August 7 -
IBM dedicates the first program-controlled
calculator, the Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator (known best as the
Harvard Mark I).
*
August 9 - The
United States Forest Service and the
Wartime Advertising Council release posters featuring
Smokey the Bear for the first time.
*
September 2 -
Holocaust: Diarist
Anne Frank and her family are placed on the last transport train from
Westerbork to
Auschwitz. They arrive three days later.
*
October 2 - Holocaust:
Nazism Nazi troops end the
Warsaw Uprising.
*
October 8 - The
radio show, ''
The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet'' debuts.
*
October 10 -
Holocaust: 800
Roma (people) Gypsy children are systematically murdered at
Auschwitz death camp
*
November 7 -
U.S. presidential election, 1944:
Franklin Delano Roosevelt Franklin D. Roosevelt wins reelection over
United States Republican Party Republican challenger
Thomas E. Dewey to become the only U.S. president to be elected to a fourth term.
*
November 22 -
William Lyon Mackenzie King introduces
conscription in
Canada (see
Conscription Crisis of 1944).
=December
=
*
December 3 -
Civil war breaks out in a newly-liberated
Greece, between
Communism Communists and royalists.
*
December 1 -
Edward Stettinius Jr. becomes the last
United States Secretary of State of the
Franklin Delano Roosevelt Roosevelt administration, by filling the seat left by the
Cordell Hull.
*
December 26 - The play ''
The Glass Menagerie'' by
Tennessee Williams was first publicly performed.
*
December 30 - King
George II of Greece declares a regency, leaving his throne vacant.
Unknown dates
* In
Sweden, the law of 1864 that criminalizes homosexuality is abolished.
*Swedish author of children's books
Astrid Lindgren publishes her first book ''
Pippi Longstocking''.
* In
Sweden, Erik Wallenberg and Ruben Rausing invent a way to package milk in paper and start the company
Tetra Pak.
*
Barbados General election -
Grantley Adams, black lawyer, first majority party leader in the House of Assembly, as leader of
Barbados Labour Party
*
Hans Asperger publishes his paper on
Asperger's syndrome Asperger's Syndrome
*
The Mad Gasser of Mattoon carries out a series of mysterious attacks in
Mattoon, Illinois.
*
National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence established.
Ongoing events
*
Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) Sino-Japanese War (
1937-
1945)
*
World War II Second World War (
1939-
1945)
Births
''For more 1944 births see
:Category:1944 births''
January
*
January 2 - Prince
Norodom Ranariddh, Cambodian politician
*
January 6 -
Bonnie Franklin, American actress
*
January 6 -
Rolf M. Zinkernagel, Swiss immunologist, recipient of the
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
*
January 9 -
Jimmy Page, English guitarist (
Led Zeppelin)
*
January 12 -
Joe Frazier, American boxer
*
January 17 -
Françoise Hardy, French singer
*
January 18 -
Paul Keating, twenty-fourth
Prime Minister of Australia
*
January 23 -
Rutger Hauer, Dutch actor
*
January 24 -
Neil Diamond, American singer
*
January 25 -
Anita Pallenberg, Italian model and actress
*
January 26 -
Angela Davis, American feminist and activist
*
January 27 -
Mairead Corrigan, Northern Irish activist, recipient of the
Nobel Peace Prize
*
January 27 -
Nick Mason, English drummer (
Pink Floyd)
February
*
February 3 -
Dave Davies, British musician (
The Kinks)
*
February 5 -
Al Kooper, American musician (
Blood, Sweat, and Tears)
*
February 9 -
Alice Walker, American writer
*
February 10 -
Vernor Vinge, American writer
*
February 11 -
Michael G. Oxley, American politician
*
February 13 -
Stockard Channing, American actress
*
February 13 -
Jerry Springer, English-born television host
*
February 14 -
Carl Bernstein, American journalist
*
February 14 -
Alan Parker, English-born film director, actor, and writer
*
February 16 -
Richard Ford, American writer
*
February 17 -
Karl Jenkins, Welsh composer
*
February 20 -
Willem van Hanegem, Dutch football player and coach
*
February 22 -
Jonathan Demme, American film director, producer, and writer
*
February 22 -
Tom Okker, Dutch tennis player
*
February 23 -
Johnny Winter, American musician
*
February 24 -
Nicky Hopkins, British musician (d.
1994)
*
February 28 -
Sepp Maier, German footballer
March
*
March 1 -
John Breaux, U.S. Senator from Louisiana
*
March 1 -
Roger Daltrey, English musician (
The Who)
*
March 2 -
Uschi Glas, German actress
*
March 4 -
Bobby Womack, American singer and songwriter
*
March 6 -
Kiri Te Kanawa, New Zealand soprano
*
March 11 -
Don Maclean, British comedian
*
March 15 -
Sly Stone, American singer
*
March 17 -
John Sebastian, American singer and songwriter (
The Lovin' Spoonful)
*
March 19 -
Said Musa,
Prime Minister of Belize
*
March 19 -
Sirhan Sirhan, Palestinian assassin of
Robert F. Kennedy
*
March 24 -
R. Lee Ermey, U.S. Marine and actor
*
March 26 -
Diana Ross, American singer
*
March 28 -
Rick Barry, American basketball player
*
March 29 -
Denny McLain, baseball player
April
*
April 3 -
Tony Orlando, American musician
*
April 4 -
Craig T. Nelson, American actor
*
April 6 -
Felicity Palmer, English soprano
*
April 7 -
Gerhard Schröder,
Chancellor of Germany
*
April 8 -
Odd Nerdrum, Norwegian painter
*
April 11 -
John Milius, American film director, producer, and screenwriter
*
April 19 -
James Heckman, American economist,
Nobel Prize in Economics Nobel Prize laureate
*
April 22 -
Steve Fossett, American millionaire adventurer
*
April 28 -
Jean-Claude Van Cauwenberghe, Belgian politician
*
April 29 -
Richard Kline, American actor and television director
*
April 30 -
Jill Clayburgh, American actress
May
*
May 1 -
Suresh Kalmadi, Indian politician
*
May 4 -
Paul Gleason, American actor
*
May 5 -
John Rhys-Davies, Welsh actor
*
May 8 -
Gary Glitter, English singer
*
May 9 -
Richie Furay, American musician (
Poco and
Buffalo Springfield)
*
May 10 -
Jim Abrahams, American film director
*
May 13 -
Armistead Maupin, American author
*
May 12 -
Sara Kestelman, British actor
*
May 14 -
George Lucas, American film director and producer
*
May 20 -
Joe Cocker, British singer
*
May 20 -
Boudewijn de Groot, Dutch singer
*
May 20 -
Dietrich Mateschitz, Austrian businessman
*
May 21 -
Mary Robinson,
President of Ireland
*
May 25 -
Frank Oz, English puppeteer and film director
*
May 28 -
Rudy Giuliani, Mayor of New York City
*
May 28 -
Gladys Knight, American singer
*
May 28 -
Patricia Quinn, Northern Irish actress
*
May 30 -
Meredith MacRae, American actress (d.
2000)
June-July
*
June 3 -
Edith McGuire, American sprinter
*
June 5 -
Tommie Smith, American athlete
*
June 6 -
Phillip Allen Sharp, American scientist, recipient of the
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
*
June 8 -
Mark Belanger, baseball player (d.
1998)
*
June 24 -
Jeff Beck, British musician
*
June 29 -
Gary Busey, American actor
*
June 30 -
Raymond Moody, parapsychologist
*
July 13 -
Ernő Rubik, Hungarian inventor
*
July 17 -
Mark Burgess,
New Zealand cricket captains
*
July 21 -
Tony Scott, English film director
*
July 21 -
Paul Wellstone, U.S. Senator from Minnesota (d.
2002)
*
July 27 -
Tony Capstick, English comedian, actor, and musician (d.
2003)
*
July 31 -
Geraldine Chaplin, American actress
*
July 31 -
Robert Carhart Merton, American economist,
Nobel Prize in Economics Nobel Prize laureate
August-October
*
August 2 -
Jim Capaldi, British drummer, singer, and songwriter (
Traffic) (d.
2005)
*
August 4 -
Richard Belzer, American actor and comedian
*
August 8 -
Brooke Bundy, American actress
*
August 9 -
Sam Elliott, American actor
*
August 11 -
Ian McDiarmid, Scottish actor
*
August 21 -
Peter Weir, Australian film director
*
August 23 -
Saira Banu, Indian actress
*
August 26-
Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester
*
August 31 -
Roger Dean, British artist
*
September 1 -
Leonard Slatkin, American conductor
*
September 7 -
Earl Manigault, American basketball player (d.
1998)
*
September 7 -
Bora Milutinovic, Serbian football coach
*
September 12 -
Leonard Peltier, U.S. Presidential candidate
*
September 12 -
Barry White, American singer (d.
2003)
*
September 21 -
Hamilton Jordan, Carter's first
White House Chief of Staff Chief of Staff
*
September 22 -
Frazer Hines, British actor
*
September 25 -
Michael Douglas, American actor
*
September 26 -
Anne Robinson, British television host
*
October 9 -
John Entwistle, English bassist (
The Who) (d.
2002)
*
October 9 -
Nona Hendryx, singer (
LaBelle)
*
October 9 -
Peter Tosh, Jamaican singer and musician (d.
1987)
*
October 15 -
David Trimble, Irish politician, recipient of the
Nobel Peace Prize
*
October 28 -
Dennis Franz, American actor
*
October 28 -
Ian Marter, British actor (d.
1986)
November-December
*
November 1 - Rafik Bahaa Edine
Hariri, Lebanese Prime Minister 1992 - 1998 (d. 2005).
*
November 9 -
Melvin Maskin, American teacher
*
November 10 -
Silvestre Reyes, American politician
*
November 12
**
Booker T. Jones, American musician, singer, and songwriter (
Booker T. and the M.G.'s)
**
Al Michaels, American sportscaster
*
November 17
**
Danny DeVito, American actor
**
Rem Koolhaas, Dutch architect
**
Lorne Michaels, Canadian film producer
**
Tom Seaver, baseball player
*
November 21 -
Dick Durbin, American politician
*
November 25 -
Ben Stein, American law professor, actor, and author
*
December 2 -
Ibrahim Rugova, first
President of Kosovo (d.
2006)
*
December 7 -
Daniel Chorzempa, American organist
*
December 17 -
Jack L. Chalker, American novelist (d.
2005)
*
December 21 -
Michael Tilson Thomas, American conductor
*
December 22 -
Steve Carlton, baseball player
*
December 23 -
Wesley Clark, U.S. general and NATO Supreme Allied Commander
*
December 25 -
Jairzinho, Brazilian football player
*
December 28 -
Kary Mullis, American chemist,
Nobel Prize in Chemistry Nobel Prize laureate
Deaths
For more 1944 deaths see
:Category:1944 deaths
January-March
*
January 1 -
Charles Turner (cricketer) Charles Turner, Australian cricketer (b.
1862)
*
January 11 -
Edgard Potier, Belgian spy (b.
1903)
*
January 20 -
James McKeen Cattell, American psychologist (b.
1860)
*
January 23 -
Edvard Munch, Norwegian painter (b.
1863)
*
January 31 -
Jean Giraudoux, French writer (b.
1882)
*
January 31 -
William Allen White, American journalist (b.
1868)
*
February 1 -
Piet Mondriaan, Dutch painter (b.
1872)
*
February 4 -
Yvette Guilbert, French singer and actress (b.
1867)
*
February 11 -
Carl Meinhof, German linguist (b.
1857)
*
February 21 -
Ferenc Szisz, Hungarian-born race car driver (b.
1873)
*
March 4 -
Louis Buchalter, Jewish American mobster, head of Murder, Inc. (b.
1897)
*
March 5 -
Max Jacob, French poet (b.
1876)
*
March 22 -
Pierre Brossolette, journalist and French Resistance fighter (b.
1903)
*
March 24 -
Orde Wingate, British soldier (b.
1903)
April-May
*
April 9 -
Evgeniya Rudneva, Russian World War II heroine (b.
1920)
*
April 17 -
Jack Hearne (John Thomas Hearne) J.T. Hearne English cricketer (b.
1867)
*
April 28 -
Paul Poiret, French couturier (b.
1879)
*
April 29 -
Bernardino Machado,
President of Portugal (b.
1851)
*
May 12 -
Max Brand, American author (b.
1892)
*
May 12 -
Arthur Quiller-Couch Q, British writer (b.
1863)
*
May 16 -
George Ade, American author (b.
1866)
July-August
*
July 6 -
Andrée Borrel, French World War II heroine (executed) (b.
1919)
*
July 6 -
Vera Leigh, English World War II heroine (executed) (b.
1903)
*
July 6 -
Sonia Olschanezky, German World War II heroine (executed) (b.
1923)
*
July 6 -
Diana Rowden, English World War II heroine (executed) (b.
1915)
*
July 26 -
Reza Pahlavi of Iran Reza Pahlavi,
Shah of Iran (b.
1877)
*
July 31 -
Antoine de Saint-Exupery, French pilot and writer (b.
1900)
*
August 8 -
Chaim Soutine, Russian painter (b.
1893)
*
August 12 -
Suzanne Spaak, Belgian World War II heroine (executed)
*
August 23 -
Abdul Mejid II, Caliph of the Ottoman Empire (b.
1868)
*
August 26 -
Adam von Trott zu Solz, German diplomat (executed) (b.
1909)
*
August 26 –
Hans Leesment, Estonian general
*
August 27 -
Mafalda Maria Elisabetta of Savoy Princess Mafalda Maria Elisabetta of Savoy (executed) (b.
1902)
September-October
*
September 6 -
Gustave Biéler, Swiss World War II hero (executed) (b.
1904)
*
September 9 -
Robert Benoist, French race car driver and war hero (executed) (b.
1895)
*
September 11 -
Yolande Beekman, French World War II heroine (executed) (b.
1911)
*
September 11 -
Madeleine Damerment, French World War II heroine (executed) (b.
1917)
*
September 11 -
Noor Inayat Khan, Indian princess and World War II heroine (executed) (b.
1914)
*
September 13 -
Heath Robinson, British cartoonist and illustrator (b.
1872)
*
September 14 -
John Kenneth Macalister, Canadian World War II hero (executed) (b.
1914)
*
September 14 -
Frank Pickersgill, Canadian World War II hero (executed) (b.
1915)
*
September 14 -
Roméo Sabourin, Canadian World War II hero (executed) (b.
1923)
*
October 4 -
Al Smith, American politician (b.
1873)
*
October 14 -
Erwin Rommel, German Field Marshal (b.
1891)
*
October 21 -
Alois Kayser, German missionary (b.
1877)
*
October 23 -
Charles Glover Barkla, English physicist,
Nobel Prize in Physics Nobel Prize laureate (b.
1877)
*
October 26 -
William Temple (archbishop) William Temple,
Archbishop of Canterbury (b.
1881)
November-December
*
November 2 -
Thomas Midgley, American chemist and inventor (b.
1889)
*
November 5 -
Alexis Carrel, French surgeon and biologist, recipient of the
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b.
1873)
*
November 7 -
Hannah Szenes, Hungarian World War II heroine (executed) (b.
1921)
*
December 2 -
Josef Lhévinne, Russian pianist (b.
1874)
*
December 4 -
Roger Bresnahan, baseball player (b.
1879)
*
December 13 -
Wassily Kandinsky, Russian-born artist (b.
1866)
*
December 30 -
Romain Rolland, French writer,
Nobel Prize in Literature Nobel Prize laureate (b.
1866)
Date unknown
*
Joseph Campbell (poet) Joseph Campbell, Northern Irish poet and lyricist (b.
1879)
*
Bishop James Cannon, Jr., American religious and
temperance movement leader (b.
1864)
*
Gerald Haxton secretary and lover of the famous novelist and playwright
W. Somerset Maugham (b.
1892)
Nobel prizes
*
Nobel Prize/Physics Physics -
Isidor Isaac Rabi
*
Nobel Prize/Chemistry Chemistry -
Otto Hahn
*
Nobel Prize/Physiology or medicine Medicine -
Joseph Erlanger,
Herbert Spencer Gasser
*
Nobel Prize in literature Literature -
Johannes Vilhelm Jensen
*
Nobel Prize/Peace Peace - International Committee of the
Red Cross.
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