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Aluminium sulfate
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Image:Aluminium sulfate.jpg 200px|Aluminium sulfate hexadecahydrate
|-
! {{chembox header}} | General
|-
|
IUPAC nomenclature Systematic name
| Aluminium sulfate
hexadecahydrate
|-
| Other names
| Cake alum
Filter alum
Papermaker's alum
alumogeniteAluminum sulfate
Aluminium sulphate
|-
|
Chemical formula Molecular formula
| Al
2(SO
4)
3·16H
2O
|-
|
Molar mass
| 630.40 g/mol
|-
| Appearance
| white crystalline solid
|-
|
CAS registry number CAS number
| [16828-11-8]
|-
|
EINECS number
| 233-135-0
|-
! {{chembox header}} | Properties
|-
|
Density and
Phase (matter) phase
| 2.71 g/cm
3, solid
|-
|
Soluble Solubility in
Water_(molecule) water
| 31.3 g/100 ml (0 °C)
|-
| In
ethanol
| Slightly soluble (
Anhydrous anh.)
Insoluble (hydrate)
|-
|
Melting point
| 770°C ''decomp.''
|-
! {{chembox header}} | Structure
|-
|
Coordination geometry
| ?
|-
|
Crystal structure
|
monoclinic (hydrate)
|-
| {{chembox header}} | '''Safety data'''
|-
|
Permissible Exposure Limit PEL-TWA (
OSHA)
| —
|-
|
RTECS number
| BD1700000
|-
! {{chembox header}} |
{{PAGENAME}} chemdata supplement Supplementary data page
|-
|
{{PAGENAME}} chemdata supplement#Structure and properties Structure & properties
|
Refractive index ''n'',
Dielectric constant ''εr'', etc.
|-
|
{{PAGENAME}} chemdata supplement#Thermodynamic properties Thermodynamic data
| Phase behaviour
Solid, liquid, gas
|-
|
{{PAGENAME}} chemdata supplement#Spectral data Spectral data
|
UV/VIS spectroscopy UV,
Infrared spectroscopy IR,
NMR spectroscopy NMR,
Mass spectrometry MS
|-
! {{chembox header}} | Related compounds
|-
| Other
Ion cations
|
Gallium sulfateMagnesium sulfate
|-
| Related compounds
| ''See''
Alum
|-
| {{chembox header}} |
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for
materials in their standard state standard state (at 25°C, 100 kPa)
wikipedia:Chemical infobox Infobox disclaimer and references
|-
|}
'''Aluminium sulfate''' is a widely used industrial chemical. It is sometimes incorrectly referred to as '''
alum''', as it is closely related to this group of compounds. It occurs naturally as the
mineral alunogenite. It is frequently used as a
flocculant in the purification of drinking water supplies, and also in paper manufacturing.
Aluminium sulfate is rarely, if ever, encountered as the anhydrous salt. It forms a number of different
hydrates, of which the hexadecahydrate is the most common.
It can also be very effective as a
molluscicide, at killing Spanish slugs.
Preparation
Aluminium sulfate may be made by dissolving
aluminium hydroxide, Al(OH)
3, in
sulfuric acid, H
2SO
4:
2Al(OH)
3 + 3H
2SO
4 + 10H
2O → Al
2(SO
4)
3·16H
2O
Uses
Aluminium is used in
water purification and as a
mordant in dyeing and printing textiles. In water purification, it causes impurities to coagulate which are removed as the particulate settles to the bottom of the container or more easily filtered.
When dissolved in a large amount of neutral or slightly-alkaline water, aluminium sulfate produces a gelatinous precipitate of
aluminium hydroxide, Al(OH)
3. In dyeing and printing cloth, the gelatinous precipitate helps the dye adhere to the clothing fibers by rendering the pigment insoluble.
Aluminium sulfate is the active ingredient of some
antiperspirants; however, beginning in 2005 the US
Food and Drug Administration no longer recognized it as a wetness reducer.
It is also used in
Styptic styptic pencils.
See also
*
Camelford, a town in
Cornwall (
United Kingdom UK) where the local water supplies were accidentally contaminated with aluminium sulfate.
References
*{{cite book | author=Pauling, Linus | title=General Chemistry | publisher=W.H. Freeman: San Francisco | year=1970 | id=ISBN 0-486-65622-5}}
Suppliers
-
Sigma-Aldrich Co.
-
General Chemical Performance Products (USA)
-
Fisher Scientific Co.
External links
-
International Chemical Safety Card 1191
-
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
{{inorganic-compound-stub}}
Category:Aluminium compounds
Category:Sulfates
Category:Molluscicides
Category:Water treatment
de:Aluminiumsulfat
fr:Sulfate d'aluminium
sr:Ð?луминијум Ñ?улфат
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