Dictionary of Meaning
<<Back
Please select a letter:
A |
B |
C |
D |
E |
F |
G |
H |
I |
J |
K |
L |
M |
N |
O |
P |
Q |
R |
S |
T |
U |
V |
W |
X |
Y |
Z |
0-9
Click here for Shopping
Cem
*** Shopping-Tip: Cem
Possible meanings:
*
Center for Empirical Macroeconomics
*
Center for Energy Management
*
Centre for Environmental Modelling
*
Certified Energy Manager
*
College of Estate Management
*
Customer experience management
{{TLAdisambig}}
fr:CEM
Prince '''Cem''' (or Djem) was a
pretender to the
Ottoman Empire Ottoman throne in the
15th century. He lived from
1459 to
1495.
Cem was the younger brother of Sultan
Bayezid II. At the death of
Mehmet II Mehmet the Conqueror, their father, Bayezid was the governor of
Sivas Province Sivas,
Tokat Province Tokat and
Amasya Province Amasya, and Cem ruled the provinces of
Karaman Province Karaman and
Konya Province Konya.
The grand
vizier Karamani Mehmet Pasha sent two messengers to the brothers just after the death of Sultan Mehmet. But the messenger sent to Cem had been caught on the way by the Anatolia Deputy, Sinan Pasha, and Cem learned of his father's death four days later than his elder brother. For uncertain reasons, the
Janissary Janissaries of
Constantinople revolted on
May 4,
1481 and killed Karamani Mehmet Pasha as a result of this event. In Bayezid's absence his son, Prince Korkut, took the throne as
regent.
Prince Bayezid arrived at
Constantinople on
May 21 and was declared Sultan. Only six days later Cem captured the city of
Inegöl with an army of 4000. Sultan Bayezid sent his army under the command of
vizier Ayas Pasha to kill his brother. On
May 28, Cem had defeated Bayezid's army and he declared himself Sultan of
Anatolia and made his capital
Bursa, Turkey Bursa. He proposed dividing the empire between them, leaving Bayezid only Europe. Bayezid furiously rejected the proposal and marched on Bursa. The decisive battle between the two took place near the town
YeniÅŸehir. Cem lost and fled with his family to
Mameluke Cairo.
In Cairo, Cem received a letter from his brother, offering Cem one million
akçes (the Ottoman currency) in order to dissuade him from competing for the throne. Cem rejected the offer and in the following year he launched a campaign in Anatolia. On
May 27,
1482 he besieged Konya but was soon forced to withdraw to
Ankara. He intended to give it all up and return to Cairo but all of the roads to Egypt were under Bayezid's control.
Meanwhile,
Pierre d'Aubusson, a member of the
Knights of St. John invited Cem to
Rhodes. On
June 29 he went there as a guest, but the Knights betrayed him and he became a prisoner. Afterwards, Cem was sent to
France. Sultan Bayezid sent a messenger to France and requested Cem to be kept there and he agreed to pay an annual of 40,000 in gold for his brother's expenses.
Pope Innocent VIII intended to organise a new crusade using Cem but the European monarches rejected it. The Pope also offered Cem to convert to
Christianity but he rejected. Cem came in use anyway, because whenever Bayezid intended to launch a military campaign against Christian nations of the
Balkans, the Pope would threaten to release the throne pretendent.
Cem died in
Capua on
February 25,
1495. Sultan Bayezid declared national mourning for three days. He also requested to have Cem's body for a
Muslim funeral, but not until four years after Cem's death his body was brought to the Ottoman lands. He was buried in Bursa.
See also
*
Principe de Sayd
External link
-
Descendants of Sultan Djem
Category:Ottoman Empire
Category:Political prisoners
Category:1459 births
Category:1495 deaths
de:Cem (Osmanisches Reich)
hu:I. Dzsem
ru:Джем (Ñ?ултан)
tr:Cem Sultan
*** Shopping-Tip: Cem
