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Emigration
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Image:Emigmonument.jpg thumb|A memorial statue in [[Hanko, Finland|Hanko,
Finland, commemorating the thousands of emigrants who left the country to start a new life in the
United States]]
'''Emigration''' is the act and the phenomenon of leaving one's native country to
Settler (disambiguation) settle abroad. It is the same as
immigration but from the perspective of the country of origin. Human movement before the establishment of
state boundaries or within one state, is termed
human migration migration. There are many reasons why people might choose to emigrate. Some for
politics political or
economics economic reasons. Some might have found a spouse while visiting another country and emigrate to be with them. Many older people living in rich nations with cold
climates will choose to move to warmer climates when they retire.
Many political or economic emigrants move together with their families toward new regions or new countries where they hope to find peace or job opportunities not available to them in their original location. Throughout history a large number of emigrants return to their homelands, often after they have earned sufficient money in the other country. Sometimes these emigrants move to countries with big cultural differences and will always feel as guests in their destinations, and preserve their original
culture,
traditions and
language, sometimes transmitting them to their children. The conflict between the native and the newer culture may easily create social contrasts, generally resulting in an uncomfortable situation for the "foreigners", who have to understand legal and social systems sometimes new and strange to them. Often, communities of emigrants grow up in the destination areas, collecting immigrants of common provenance, also to help for integration.
Emigration had a profound influence on the world in the
19th century 19th and the
20th century, when hundreds of thousands of poor families left Western
Europe for the
United States,
Canada,
Brazil,
Argentina, and
Australia.
Even though definitions may be vague and vary somewhat, emigration/immigration should not be confused with the phenomenon of
involuntary migration, such as instances of
population transfer or
ethnic cleansing.
Motives to migrate can be either incentives attracting you away, known as ''pull'' factors, or circumstances encouraging a person to leave, known as
push and pull factors ''push'' factors, for example:
Push factors
*
War or other
armed conflict
*
Famine or
drought
*
Disease
*Political reasons
*Religious intolerance
*
Natural disasters
*Discontent with the natives, such as frequent
harassment and
abuse
*Lack of employment opportunities
These factors generally do not affect people in
developed country developed countries; even a natural disaster is unlikely to cause out-migration.
Pull factors
*
Adventure,
*Higher incomes,
*Better availability of
employment
*Better medical facilities,
*Better
education facilities,
*Family reasons,
*Political stability,
*Religious tolerance,
*Often these are based on perceptions rather than realistic information,
If the migration is dominated by pull factors, it is
voluntary migration. If it is based on push factors it is
forced migration.
See also
*
Political asylum
*
Deportation
*
Diaspora
*
Émigré
*
Exile
*
Foot voting
*
Human migration
*
International Organization for Migration
*
Political migration
*
Population transfer
*
Refugee
*
Rural Migration
*
Settler (disambiguation) Settlement
Category:Human migration
cs:Emigrace
da:Udvandring
de:Emigration
eo:Elmigrado
he:הגירה
lt:Emigracija
nl:Emigratie
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