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Gamelan Gong Kebyar
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'''Gamelan gong kebyar''' is a modern style or
musical genre genre of
Balinese
gamelan modernism (music) music. ''Kebyar'' means "the process of flowering", and refers to the explosive changes in
tempo and
dynamics (music) dynamics characteristic of the style. It is the most popular form of gamelan in Bali, and its best known musical export.
The main instrumental forces of the gong kebyar orchestra are
metallophones. There are typically four pemades and four kantillan - collectively known as the
gangsa - which play the most complex parts. There are either one or two ugal, which play an ornamented version of the main melody - the pokok - of the piece. Lower pitched
metallophones -
jublag,
jegogan, and sometimes
penyacah - play increasingly abstracted versions of that melody. All of these instruments metallophones are played in pairs, with each pair tuned slightly apart. This produces a
beat (music) beating effect (ombak) and creates an overall shimmering, pulsating quality.
Other instruments in the orchestra include the
reong - a set of twelve bossed
bronze "pots"; the
ketuk - another "pot" similar in appearance but larger than an individual reong; the
gongs, which mark the essential structural points in the music;
kendang - the drums, which control the tempo of ensemble and reinforce the meter;
ceng-ceng - small, mounted hand cymbals which play fast, intricate parts, usually along with the
reong;
suling - flutes, which play somewhat improvised ornaments on the pokok; and, occasionally, the
rebab - a spike fiddle, which plays along with the
suling.
Gong kebyar music is based on a five-tone
musical scale scale called ''pelog selisir'' (tones 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6 of the 7-tone
pelog scale), and is characterized by
brilliance brilliant sounds,
syncopations, sudden and gradual changes in
sound colour,
loudness dynamics,
tempo and
articulation, and complex, complementary
hocket interlocking melody melodic and
rhythmic patterns called
kotekan.
The kebyar style developed out of older ensembles and first emerged in the early 20th century.
Reading
*''Gamelan Gong Kebyar: The Art of Twentieth-Century Balinese Music'' (2000) by
Michael Tenzer, ISBN 0226792811 and ISBN 0226792838.
Category:Gamelan
fi:Gamelan gong kebyar
see
Gamelan_gong_kebyar
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