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Haminoeoidea
*** Shopping-Tip: Haminoeoidea
{{context}}
{{Taxobox
| color = pink
| name = Haminoeoidea
| regnum =
Animalia
| phylum =
Mollusca
| classis =
Gastropoda
| subclassis =
Orthogastropoda
| superordo =
Heterobranchia
| ordo =
Opisthobranchia
| subordo =
Cephalaspidea
| superfamilia = '''Haminoeoidea'''
| subdivision_ranks = Families
| subdivision =
*
Haminoeidae
*
Bullactidae
*
Smaragdinellidae
}}
The superfamily '''Haminoeoidea''' (Pilsbry, 1895) consists of a group of
Cephalaspidea cephalaspideans with distinct
Anatomy anatomical and
Morphology (biology) morphological characteristics.
Most species have only been described from empty
animal shell shells and still need a description of the living animal.
The thin, inflated shells range from ovoid to flat and oval. They have an involute (sunken) spire. The animals can retract completely or partially into their shells. Yet this offers them scant protection. The aperture is rather wide and there is no
Operculum (gastropod) operculum. Furthermore, the shell is very fragile.
The cephalic shield of most species in this superfamily has two hind lobes that lie back on the front of the shell. The black eyes are usually buried just beneath the surface of the head.
Haminoeid bubble snails are mostly
Herbivore herbivorous. One can find them in enormous numbers, burrowing in mud on intertidal and sublittoral beds of
Green alga green algae such as
Sea lettuce (''Ulva lactuca'').
Their
Predator predators include
Aglajidae aglajids such as ''Navanax inermis''.
Classification
* Superfamily '''Haminoeoidea'''
** Family
Haminoeidae
** Family
Bullactidae Johannes Thiele Thiele, 1926
*** Genus ''
Bullacta'' Bergh, 1901
**** ''
Bullacta exarata'' Philippi, 1848 -- Distribution: China, Yellow Sea, Indo-Pacific
** Family
Smaragdinellidae Johannes Thiele Thiele, 1925 -- Oval yellow-green shell with sunken spire; very large aperture.
*** Genus ''
Phanerophthalmus'' A. Adams, 1850
**** ''
Phanerophthalmus cylindricus'' (Pease, 1861) -- Distribution: Indo-Pacific, Hawaii
**** ''
Phanerophthalmus smaragdinus'' Ruppell & Leuckart, 1828 -- Distribution: tropical Indo-West Pacific, Hawaii -- Length: 16 mm -- Description: herbivore with a rather small cephalic shield; small enclosed mantle cavity ending in an exhalant siphon; small shell is partially enclosed in the mantle; color : brown to purple.
*** Genus ''
Smaragdinella'' A. Adams & Reeve, 1848
**** ''
Smaragdinella algirae'' Forbes, 1844
**** ''
Smaragdinella calyculata'' Broderip & Sowerby 1829 -- Distribution: Japan, Indo-Pacific -- Length: 8 mm -- Description: green mantle with dark green spots
**** ''
Smaragdinella sieboldii'' A. Adams, 1864
Reference
Rudman, W.B. (1972g) The herbivorous opisthobranch genera Phanerophthalmus A. Adams and Smaragdinella A. Adams. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London, 40(3): 189-210, 11 figs.
Category:Gastropods
*** Shopping-Tip: Haminoeoidea
