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Hanover
*** Shopping-Tip: Hanover
:''This article refers to the city. For other uses, see
Hanover (disambiguation)''
{{Infobox Town DE|
name = Hanover|
name_local = Hannover|
image_coa = hannover coa.jpg|
image_map = Hannover-Position.png|
state =
Lower Saxony|
regbzk =
Hanover (region) (disbanded
1 January 2005)|
district =
Hanover (district)|
population = 515,772|
population_as_of =
2005|
population_ref = [http://www.nls.niedersachsen.de/Download/StatistischeBerichte/AI2_hj1_2005Gesamt.pdf source]|
pop_dens = 2528|
area = 204.01|
elevation = 55|
lat_deg = 52|
lat_min = 22|
lat_hem = N|
lon_deg = 9|
lon_min = 43|
lon_hem = E|
postal_code = 30001 - 30669|
area_code = 0511|
licence = H|
mayor = Dr Herbert Schmalstieg (
Social Democratic Party of Germany SPD)|
website = [http://www.hannover.de/ www.hannover.de]|
}}
'''Hanover''' (
German language German: ''Hannover'' [{{IPA|haˈnoË?fÉ?}}]), on the river
Leine, is the capital of the federal state of
Lower Saxony (''Niedersachsen''),
Germany. It also was the capital of the administrative area ''
Hanover (region) Hanover region'' until Lower Saxony's regions were disbanded at the beginning of 2005. It is, however, still part of the
Hanover (district) Region Hannover, which is a municipal body made up from the former district and city of Hanover.
History
The town was founded in medieval times on the bank of the river Leine (the original name ''Honovere'' may be translated as "high bank", though it is debated). It was a small village of ferrymen and fishermen, which became a comparatively large town in the
13th century. In the
14th century the main
churches of Hanover were built, as well as a
city wall with three
town gates to secure the city.
In
1636 the Duke of
Calenberg decided to move his residence to Hanover. His
duchy was afterwards known as the Duchy of Hanover (see:
House of Hanover). His descendants would later become kings of
Great Britain (after 1800, kings of the
United Kingdom); the first of them was
George I of Great Britain George I, who ascended to the British throne in
1714. Three kings of Great Britain or the United Kingdom were at the same time
prince-elector Electoral Princes of Hanover.
During the
Seven Years' War on
July 26,
1757 the
Battle of Hastenbeck took place. The
France French army defeated the
Hanoverian Army of Observation, leading to the occupation of Hanover.
Image:New town hall Hannover.jpg thumb|left|350px||New Town Hall in Hanover
After
Napoleon I of France Napoleon imposed the
Convention of Artlenburg (Convention of the Elbe) on
July 5,
1803 about 30,000 French soldiers occupied Hanover. The convention also meant the disbanding of the army of Hanover.
George III of the United Kingdom George III did not recognize the Convention of the Elbe and made an effort to recruit foreign troops. As a result a great number of soldiers of Hanover eventually emigrated to
England leading to the
King's German Legion which later played an important role in the
Battle of Waterloo. At the
Congress of Vienna in
1814 George III of the United Kingdom George III elevated the electorate to the
Hanover (state) Kingdom of Hanover. The capital town Hanover expanded to the western bank of the Leine and grew considerably.
In
1837 the
personal union of the United Kingdom and Hanover ended as
William IV of the United Kingdom William IV's Victoria of the United Kingdom heir in the United Kingdom was female, and Hanover could be
Salic Law inherited only by males. Hanover continued as a kingdom until
1866, when it was annexed by
Prussia. After the annexation, the people of Hanover opposed the Prussian regime. Nevertheless, the growth of Hanover continued until
World War II, when two thirds of the town was bombed to ruins. After the war, Hanover was in the British zone of occupation of Germany, and later became famous for hosting commercial
expositions such as the
CeBIT and the
Hanover Fair. In
2000, Hanover hosted the
Expo 2000. The
Hanover fairground, due to numerous extensions especially for the Expo 2000, is the largest in the world.
Sights
Image:Kroepke 1895.jpg thumb|Kröpcke, 1895
Image:Hannover - Hauptbahnhof Eingangsportal 1.jpg thumb|Ernst August memorial, railway station
Image:Marketchurchhannover.jpg thumb|Market Church in Hanover
Image:Oldtownhallhannover.JPG thumb|Old Town Hall
*
Kröpcke (the most central square in Hanover and a favourite city-centre meeting place)
*
Market Square, Hanover Market Square (oldest square in Hanover and the very centre of urban expansion)
*
Ballhof Square (created in the
1930s during a re-development process)
*
Old Town, Hanover (during the rebuilding of Hannover after World War II, parts of the remaining buildings, mainly the façades, were relocated and accumulated in this area)
*
Kreuzkirche (Church of the Holy Cross, built in the
14th century)
*
Marktkirche (church at the market square, built in the
14th century)
*
Aegidienkirche (built in the
14th century, destroyed in
1943, today a memorial for victims of war and violence)
*
Leineschloss (castle on the river Leine, today the seat of Lower Saxony's parliament)
*
Altes Rathaus (old town hall at the marketplace, build in the
15th century)
*
Herrenhäuser Gärten (baroque garden and park ensemble, founded in
1666 by Duke Johann Friedrich of Calenberg)
*
Mausoleum (last resting place of the royal family, built
1846 by Laves)
*
Opernhaus (opera house, built 1845-1852 based on a plan drawn by Laves)
*
Welfenschloss (guelfs castle, built 1857-1866 as residence of king George V, rebuilt 1875-1879 as seat of the
university)
*
Christuskirche (Christ Church, built 1859-1864 by Conrad Wilhelm Hase in
neo-Gothic style)
*
Neues Rathaus (new town hall, built 1901-1913 based on plan by Eggert and Halmhuber)
*
Maschsee (artificial lake, affectionately called the "blue eye" of Hanover)
*
Eilenriede (big inner-city forest, affectionately called the "green lung" of Hanover)
*
Skulpturenmeile (street art project started in the
1970s with sculptures from John Henry, Niki de Saint Phalle, Kenneth Snelson and many others)
*
Gehry Tower (post-modern building in the inner city near the Steintor Square)
*
Hermesturm (steel skeleton tower at the
Hanover fairground exhibition grounds in Laatzen)
*
VW Tower (old broadcast tower near the central bus station)
*
Telemax (new broadcast tower in Hannover-Buchholz, highest building in Hanover)
Recommended Day Trips:
*
Hildesheim: beautiful medieval town famous for its
World Heritage Site UNESCO-cultural heritage Cathedrals, marketplace and old
half-timbering half-timbered houses; also for its Pelizäus Museum with an important section on ancient Egypt
*
Hamelin (Hameln): the beautiful town is famous for the
folktale of
The Pied Piper of Hamelin
Towns named after Hanover
*
Hanover, Ontario Hanover,
Ontario,
Canada
*
Hanover, South Africa Hanover,
Northern Cape,
South Africa
*
Hanover, Minnesota Hanover,
Minnesota,
United States U.S.
*
Hanover, New Hampshire Hanover,
New Hampshire,
United States U.S.
*
Hanover, Pennsylvania Hanover,
York County, Pennsylvania York County,
Pennsylvania,
United States U.S.
*
Hanover, Massachusetts Hanover,
Massachusetts,
United States U.S.
*
Hanover, Maine Hanover,
Maine,
United States U.S.
* Hanover,
Virginia,
United States U.S.
Twinning
{|
| valign="top" |
* {{flagicon|UK}} -
Bristol,
United Kingdom
* {{flagicon|France}} -
Perpignan,
France
* {{flagicon|France}} -
Rouen,
France
* {{flagicon|Malawi}} -
Blantyre,
Malawi
| valign="top" |
* {{flagicon|Poland}} -
Poznan,
Poland
* {{flagicon|Japan}} -
Hiroshima,
Japan
* {{flagicon|Germany}} -
Leipzig,
Germany
|}
Airports
Hanover and its area is served by
Hanover/Langenhagen International Airport Hanover/Langenhagen International Airport (HAJ)
Miscellaneous
'''Note:''' Hanover is the correct English spelling, even though the German spelling is with a double n. It should always be used when referring to the British
House of Hanover (even if you choose to write the city the German way).
Image:Hannover Opernhaus.jpg 19th century.html" title="Meaning of thumb thumb|right|The Opernhaus ("state opera") is housed in its classical [[19th century theatre-building..html" title="Meaning of right|The Opernhaus ("state opera") is housed in its classical [[19th century">thumb|right|The Opernhaus ("state opera") is housed in its classical [[19th century theatre-building.">right|The Opernhaus ("state opera") is housed in its classical [[19th century">thumb|right|The Opernhaus ("state opera") is housed in its classical [[19th century theatre-building.
There are several universities in Hanover:
*
University of Hanover
* Hanover Conservatory [http://www.hmt-hannover.de]
* Hanover Medical School [http://www.mh-hannover.de]
*
School of Veterinary Medicine Hanover
There is one University of Applied Science and Arts in Hanover:
*
Fachhochschule Hannover [http://www.fh-hannover.de]
Famous districts of Hanover:
*
Herrenhausen
*
Hannover-Zoo (for the zoo itself, see
Hanover Zoo)
*
Hannover-Nordstadt
*
Hannover-Linden
The
rock bands
Scorpions (band) Scorpions and
Fury in the Slaughterhouse are originally from Hanover.
See also
*
Hanover Fair (Hannover Messe)
*
CeBIT (CeBIT Computer Messe)
*
Oktoberfest Hannover
External links
-
City's own website`
-
Local Public Transport
-
City Panoramas - Panoramic Views of Hannover's Highlights
-
FemBio - Special: Notable Women of Hanover
-
Hannover Messe - Hanover Fair
-
CeBIT - Computer Fair
-
EXPOseeum - see what is left from
Expo 2000
'''Hanover Nightlife'''
-
Nightlife, events, chat, and photos (original german)
-
Nightlife, events, chat, and photos (english)
{{commons|Category:Hannover, Germany}}
Category:Cities in Lower Saxony
Category:German state capitals
Category:Hanover *
als:Hannover
ar:هانوÙ?ر
ast:Hannover
bg:Хановер
ca:Hannover
da:Hannover
de:Hannover
es:Hanóver
eo:Hanovro
fa:هانوور
fr:Hanovre
gl:Hannóver - Hannover
ko:하노버
is:Hannover
it:Hannover
he:×”× ×•×‘×¨
ka:ჰ�ნ�ვერი
ku:Hannover
la:Hannoveria
lv:Hannovere
lt:Hanoveris
hu:Hannover
nl:Hannover (stad)
ja:�ノーファー
no:Hannover
nn:Hannover
nds:Hannober
pl:Hanower
pt:Hanôver
ru:Ганновер
fi:Hannover
sv:Hannover
tr:Hannover
zh:漢諾�
{{catmore}}
Category:Cities in Lower Saxony
Category:Lower Saxony
Category:German state capitals
de:Kategorie:Hannover
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