Dictionary of Meaning
<<Back
Please select a letter:
A |
B |
C |
D |
E |
F |
G |
H |
I |
J |
K |
L |
M |
N |
O |
P |
Q |
R |
S |
T |
U |
V |
W |
X |
Y |
Z |
0-9
Click here for Shopping
Japanese Yen
*** Shopping-Tip: Japanese Yen
''This is an article about the Japanese currency. For the
IATA airport code see
Estevan Airport.''
Image:JuEnDamaByodoinWP.jpg obverse.html" title="Meaning of thumb thumb|Japanese 10 yen coin ([[obverse) showing Phoenix Hall of
Byodoin.html" title="Meaning of Japanese 10 yen coin ([[obverse">thumb|Japanese 10 yen coin ([[obverse) showing Phoenix Hall of
Byodoin">Japanese 10 yen coin ([[obverse">thumb|Japanese 10 yen coin ([[obverse) showing Phoenix Hall of
Byodoin
The '''yen''' is the
currency of
Japan. It is also widely used as a
reserve currency after the
United States dollar and
euro. The
ISO 4217 codes for the yen are JPY and 392. The Latinised
symbol is ¥, while in Japanese it is written with the
kanji {{Unicode|円}}.
Etymology
In
Japanese language Japanese it is usually pronounced "en", but the pronunciation "yen" is standard in
English language English. The yen was originally written in the same way in Kanji as the
yuan (圓
pinyin yuán), the
Chinese language Chinese unit for currency. Modern Japanese writings now use a character (円) which is different from the one commonly used (as shorthand) in Chinese (元). The Latinized symbol for the Yen however, is identical to the one for the
Renminbi, although the
People's Republic of China PRC tends to use one crossbar instead of two.
Yen literally means "round object" in Japanese, as it does in Chinese. The spelling and pronunciation with the letter ''y'' are based on
romanization of an obsolete writing of the word. The same combination occurs in words such as ''
Ueda, Nagano Uyeda'', ''
Yebisu'', ''
Tokugawa Ieyasu Iyeyasu'', ''
Inoue Inouye'' and ''
Edo Yedo''. Like the spellings of names of people outside Japan, the romanization of ''yen'' has become a permanent feature.
History
Image:1000 yen Natsume Soseki.jpg Natsume Soseki.html" title="Meaning of thumb thumb|right|A 1,000 yen note, featuring the portrait of [[Natsume Soseki. New yen notes entered circulation, replacing these, on
November 1,
2004..html" title="Meaning of right|A 1,000 yen note, featuring the portrait of [[Natsume Soseki">thumb|right|A 1,000 yen note, featuring the portrait of [[Natsume Soseki. New yen notes entered circulation, replacing these, on
November 1,
2004.">right|A 1,000 yen note, featuring the portrait of [[Natsume Soseki">thumb|right|A 1,000 yen note, featuring the portrait of [[Natsume Soseki. New yen notes entered circulation, replacing these, on
November 1,
2004.
The yen was introduced by the
Meiji period Meiji government in 1870 as a system resembling those in
Europe. The yen replaced the complex monetary system of the
Edo period, based on the
Japanese mon mon. The ''New Currency Act'' of
1871 stipulated the adoption of the decimal accounting system of yen (1, 圓), sen ({{Fraction.html">1954.) While not a unit of official currency, for large quantities of yen the abbreviaton ''man'' (which means "ten thousand") is used, in the same way as values in the
United States are often quoted or rounded off to thousands (given the yen's smaller value, it is much more common). The yen was legally defined as 0.8667
Troy weight troy_ounces.html" title="Meaning of 100||}},_錢), and rin ({{Fraction|1|1000}}, 厘), with the coins being round and cast as in the West. (The sen and the rin were eventually taken out of circulation in troy_ounces">troy ounces (26.956 g) of silver, which is about
US$6.50 in today's money. The Act also moved Japan onto the
gold standard.
The yen lost most of its value during and after
World War II; after a period of instability, the yen was pegged at 1
US dollar = ¥360 from
April 25,
1949, to until
1971 when the
Bretton Woods system collapsed and the value of the Yen began to float.
As of 2005 As of December 2005, there are about ¥115 to the US dollar, about ¥139 to the
Euro, and about ¥205 to the
pound sterling. After the
Plaza Accord of
1985, the yen appreciated against the dollar.
Coins
{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%"
!colspan=9|Currently Circulating Coins [http://www.boj.or.jp/en/money/basic/now/okane.htm]
|-
! Denomination !! Diameter !! Thickness !! Weight !! Composition !! Edge !! Obverse !! Reverse !! First Minted Year
|-
| ¥1 || 20 mm || 1.2 mm || 1 g || 100%
aluminium .html">Hindu Arabic numerals
Hindu Arabic numeral 1 ||
1955
|-
| ¥5 || 22 mm || 1.5 mm || 3.75 g || 60–70%
copper30–40%
zinc || Ear of Rice, Gear, Water || 日本国 ||
1959
|-
| ¥10 || 23.5 mm || 1.5 mm || 4.5 g || 95%
copper3–4%
zinc1–2%
tin .html">ByÅ?dÅ?-in
|_Evergreen tree, Hindu Arabic numerals|Hindu Arabic numeral 10 ||
1959
|-
| ¥50 || 21 mm || 1.7 mm || 4 g ||rowspan=2|
Cupronickel75%
copper25%
nickel .html">Chrysanthemum
|_Hindu Arabic numerals|Hindu Arabic numeral 50 ||
1967
|-
| ¥100 || 22.6 mm || 1.7 mm || 4.8 g ||
Cherry blossoms .html">Hindu Arabic numerals
Hindu Arabic numeral 100 ||
1967
|-
|rowspan=2| ¥500 ||rowspan=2| 26.5 mm ||rowspan=2| 2 mm || 7.2 g ||
Cupronickel75%
copper25%
nickel .html">Paulownia,
Bamboo,
Mandarin Orange |_Hindu Arabic numerals|Hindu Arabic numeral 500 ||
1982
|-
| 7 g || 72%
copper20%
zinc8% nickel .html">Hindu Arabic numerals
Hindu Arabic numeral 500 with latent image [http://www.mint.go.jp/eng/new500/index_e.html] ||
2000
|}
The 5-yen and 50-yen coins are holed. The date is on the reverse of all coins, and, in most cases, the name 日本国, Nihonkoku (Japan) and the value in kanji is on the obverse, except for the 5-yen where Nihonkoku is on the reverse.
The first 1-yen coin (excluding early silver coins) was a brass coin introduced in
1948, and discontinued in
1950, the first 5-yen coin (excluding early gold coins) in
1948, and originally had no hole. The first 10-yen was introduced in
1951, the first 50-yen in
1955 (with no hole), the first 100-yen in
1957 (originally made out of silver). The 500-yen coin was introduced in
1982 [http://www.mint.go.jp/eng/data/page01-1_e.html].
500 yen coins are probably the highest valued coins to be used regularly in the world (with rates in the neighborhood of US$4.77, €3.59, and £2.49). The United States' largest-valued commonly-used coin (25¢) is worth around 26 yen; the
Eurozone's largest (€2) is worth ¥279, and the
United Kingdom United Kingdom's largest (£2) is worth ¥402 (as of March 2005). The highest valued bill, the 10,000 yen bill, is worth just a little bit less than the U.S. $100 bill, the highest denomination of currently circulating U.S. currency.
On various occasions, commemorative coins are minted using gold and silver with various face values, up to 100,000 yen [http://www.mint.go.jp/eng/data/page02_e.html]. Even though they can be used, they are treated as collectibles.
Banknotes
(Names are written in the order of family name - given name, as part of
:Manual_of_Style_(Japan-related_articles)#People.27s_names 's convention)
Series A (1946-48)
{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%"
!colspan=7| Series A (1946-48)
|-
! Denomination !! Dimensions !! Obverse !! Reverse !! Issued Date !! Suspended Date !! Expired Date
|-
| ¥0.05 || 94 x 48 mm ||
ume Plum blossoms ||
pattern Geometric patterns ||
May 25,
1948 .html">December 31,
1953 |rowspan=2| December 31,
1953
|-
| ¥0.1 || 100 x 52 mm || A
dove pigeon || The
Diet of Japan Diet building ||
September 5,
1947
|-
| ¥1 || 124 x 68 mm ||
Ninomiya Kinjiro Ninomiya Sontoku || Geometric patterns ||
March 19,
1946 ||
October 1,
1958 ||rowspan=4| Valid
|-
| ¥5 || 132 x 68 mm || Geometric patterns || Geometric patterns ||
March 5,
1946 ||
April 1,
1955
|-
| ¥10 || 140 x 76 mm || The Diet building || Geometric patterns ||
February 25,
1946 ||
April 1,
1955
|-
| ¥100 || 162 x 93 mm ||
Prince ShÅ?toku, "Yumedono" (A hall associated with Prince ShÅ?toku in
HÅ?ryÅ«-ji Temple) .html">February 25,
1946 | July 5,
1956
|}
Because ''a law of the abolition of currencies in a small denomination'' is enforced in 1953, banknotes and coins whose denominations are less than ¥1 are expired on
December 31,
1953.
Series B (1950-58)
{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%"
!colspan=7| Series B (1950-58) [http://www.boj.or.jp/en/type/list/yuko/data/money01.pdf]
|-
! Denomination !! Dimensions !! Dominant Color !! Obverse !! Reverse !! Issued Date !! Suspended Date
|-
| ¥50 || 144 x 68 mm || Orange ||
Takahashi Korekiyo .html">Bank of Japan
Nippon Ginko ||
December 1,
1951 ||
October 1,
1958
|-
| ¥100 || 148 x 76 mm || Brown-orange ||
Itagaki Taisuke .html">Diet of Japan
Diet building ||
December 1,
1953 ||
August 1,
1974
|-
| ¥500 || 156 x 76 mm || Dark blue ||
Iwakura Tomomi .html">Mt. Fuji
| April 2,
1951 ||
January 4,
1971
|-
| ¥1000 || 164 x 76 mm || Grey ||
Prince ShÅ?toku .html">January 7,
1950 | January 4,
1965
|-
| ¥5000 || 169 x 80 mm || Brown ||
Prince ShÅ?toku .html">October 1,
1957 | January 4,
1986
|-
| ¥10000 || 174 x 84 mm || Brown-green ||
Prince ShÅ?toku .html">Fenghuang
HÅ?Å?_in
ByÅ?dÅ?in Temple .html" title="Meaning of ByÅ?dÅ?in.html" title="Meaning of ByÅ?dÅ?in">ByÅ?dÅ?in Temple ">December 1,
1958 | January 4,
1986
|}
The series B introduced three new high value banknotes, ¥1000, ¥5000, and ¥10000.
Series C (1963-69)
{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%"
!colspan=7| Series C (1963-69) [http://www.boj.or.jp/en/type/list/yuko/data/money01.pdf]
|-
! Denomination !! Dimensions !! Dominant Color !! Obverse !! Reverse !! Issued Date !! Suspended Date
|-
| ¥500 || 159 x 72 mm || Blue ||
Iwakura Tomomi .html">Mt. Fuji
| November 1,
1969 ||
April 1,
1994
|-
| ¥1000 || 164 x 76 mm || Yellow-green ||
Ito Hirobumi ItÅ? Hirobumi || The old headquarters of
Bank of Japan Nippon Ginko ||
November 1,
1963 ||
January 4,
1986
|}
Series D (1984)
{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%"
!colspan=6| Series D (1984) [http://www.boj.or.jp/en/type/list/yuko/data/now.htm]
|-
! Denomination !! Dimensions !! Dominant Color !! Obverse !! Reverse !! Issued Date
|-
| ¥1000 || 150 x 76 mm || Blue ||
Natsume Soseki Natsume SÅ?seki || Pair of
Crane (bird) Cranes ||rowspan=3|
November 1,
1984
|-
| ¥5000 || 155 x 76 mm || Orange ||
Nitobe Inazo Nitobe InazÅ? ||
Mt. Fuji,
Mt._Fuji#Geography Lake Motosuko and
Cherry blossoms
|-
| ¥10000 || 160 x 76 mm || Brown ||
Fukuzawa Yukichi || Pair of
Pheasants
|}
Because a lot of counterfeit series D banknotes except ¥2000 are found at the end of
2004, the series D banknotes except ¥2000 are suspended '''virtually''' on
January 17,
2005. But a cabinet ordinance of ''the suspension of Series D banknotes'' is not declared yet.
According to a news release from the
National Police Agency (Japan) National Police Agency, they seized '''11,717''' counterfeit series D banknotes except ¥2000 in
2005. They seized '''only 486''' counterfeit current issued banknotes, namely series E ¥1000, ¥5000, ¥10000 and series D ¥2000, too.
Commemorative series D (2000, the current issue)
{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%"
!colspan=6|Commemorative series D (2000) [http://www.boj.or.jp/en/money/basic/now/now.htm]
|-
! Denomination !! Dimensions !! Dominant Color !! Obverse !! Reverse !! Issued Date
|-
| ¥2000 || 154 x 76 mm || Green ||
Shureimon Shurei-mon || Scene from the
Tale of Genji and portrait of
Murasaki Shikibu ||
July 19,
2000
|}
The 2,000 yen note was first issued on
July 19,
2000 to commemorate the
G8 Economic Summit in
Okinawa and the millennium year as well. Shurei-mon–pictured on the front of the note–is a famous gate in
Naha, Okinawa near the site of the summit. These notes are hard to find and many Japanese consider it a novelty as it is the only denomination in the factor of 2 (from 1 and 5). Some say it was a way to stimulate the economy from building new vending machines to be able to process the note, to creating wider cash registers to handle the bill. This hasn't really materialised. Some businesses will refuse this note. To increase the circulation of the notes, some companies started paying wages in these notes.
Series E (2004, the current issue)
{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%"
!colspan=6| Series E (2004) [http://www.boj.or.jp/en/money/basic/now/now.htm]
|-
! Denomination !! Dimensions !! Dominant Color !! Obverse !! Reverse !! Issued Date
|-
| ¥1000 || 150 x 76 mm || Blue ||
Noguchi Hideyo .html">Mt. Fuji,
Mt._Fuji#Geography Lake Motosuko.html" title="Meaning of _Lake Motosuko">Lake Motosuko and
Cherry blossoms ||rowspan=3|
November 1,
2004
|-
| ¥5000 || 156 x 76 mm || Purple ||
Higuchi Ichiyo Higuchi IchiyÅ? || "Kakitsubata-zu" (Painting of
Iris (plant) Irises, a work by
Ogata Korin)
|-
| ¥10000 || 160 x 76 mm || Brown ||
Fukuzawa Yukichi .html">Fenghuang
hÅ?Å? (phoenix) from
ByÅ?dÅ?-in Temple
|}
Value
The relative value of the yen is determined in
foreign exchange markets by the forces of
supply and demand. The supply of the yen in the market is governed by the desire of yen holders to exchange their yen for other currencies to purchase goods, services, or
assets. The demand for the yen is governed by the desire of foreigners to buy goods and services in Japan and by their interest in investing in Japan (buying yen-denominated real and financial assets).
In 1949 the value of the yen was set at ¥360 per US$1 through a
United States plan, which was part of the
Bretton Woods system Bretton Woods System, to stabilize prices in the
Economy of Japan Japanese economy. That
exchange rate was maintained until 1971, when the United States abandoned the convertibility of the dollar to gold, which had been a key element of the Bretton Woods System, and imposed a 10 percent surcharge on imports, setting in motion changes that eventually led to floating exchange rates in 1973.
Image:Japanese Coins.jpg thumbnail|400px|Five Japanese coins
By 1971 the yen had become undervalued. Japanese exports were costing too little in international markets, and imports from abroad were costing the Japanese too much. This undervaluation was reflected in the current account balance, which had risen from the deficits of the early 1960s to a then-large surplus of US$5.8 billion in 1971. The belief that the yen, and several other major currencies, were undervalued motivated the United States' actions in 1971.
Following the United States' measures to devalue the dollar in the summer of 1971, the Japanese government agreed to a new, fixed exchange rate as part of the
Smithsonian Agreement, signed at the end of the year. This agreement set the exchange rate at ¥308 per US$1. However, the new fixed rates of the Smithsonian Agreement were difficult to maintain in the face of supply and demand pressures in the foreign-exchange market. In early 1973, the rates were abandoned, and the major nations of the world allowed their currencies to float.
In the 1970s, Japanese government and business people were very concerned that a rise in the value of the yen would hurt export growth by making Japanese products less competitive and would damage the industrial base. The government therefore continued to intervene heavily in foreign-exchange marketing (buying or selling dollars), even after the 1973 decision to allow the yen to float.
Despite intervention, market pressures caused the yen to continue climbing in value, peaking temporarily at an average of ¥271 per US$1 in 1973 before the impact of the
1973 oil crisis oil crisis was felt. The increased costs of imported oil caused the yen to depreciate to a range of ¥290 to ¥300 between 1974 and 1976. The reemergence of trade surpluses drove the yen back up to ¥211 in 1978. This currency strengthening was again reversed by the
1979 energy crisis second oil shock, with the yen dropping to ¥227 by 1980.
During the first half of the 1980s, the yen failed to rise in value even though current account surpluses returned and grew quickly. From ¥221 in 1981, the average value of the yen actually dropped to ¥239 in 1985. The rise in the current account surplus generated stronger demand for yen in foreign-exchange markets, but this trade-related demand for yen was offset by other factors. A wide differential in interest rates, with United States interest rates much higher than those in Japan, and the continuing moves to deregulate the international flow of capital, led to a large net outflow of capital from Japan. This capital flow increased the supply of yen in foreign-exchange markets, as Japanese investors changed their yen for other currencies (mainly dollars) to invest overseas. This kept the yen weak relative to the dollar and fostered the rapid rise in the Japanese trade surplus that took place in the 1980s.
In 1985 a dramatic change began. Finance officials from major nations signed an agreement (the
Plaza Accord) affirming that the dollar was overvalued (and, therefore, the yen undervalued). This agreement, and shifting supply and demand pressures in the markets, led to a rapid rise in the value of the yen. From its average of ¥239 per US$1 in 1985, the yen rose to a peak of ¥128 in 1988, virtually doubling its value relative to the dollar. After declining somewhat in 1989 and 1990, it reached a new high of ¥123 to US$1 in December 1992.
The yen's increased value made Japanese exports less price competitive and imports more price competitive, which should have brought down the value of trade and current account surpluses. The current account figures discussed earlier, however, indicated that such a response was slow. The strong appreciation of the yen began in 1985, but the current account continued to rise until 1987. Its decline in 1988 was rather small, although it experienced a more substantial decline in 1989.
Historical exchange rate
The table below shows the number of yen per
United States dollar U.S. dollar.
{| border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=2 style="text-align:center; border-collapse: collapse;"
|-
! rowspan=2 | Year
! colspan=12 | Month
|-
! Jan !! Feb !! Mar !! Apr !! May !! Jun !! Jul !! Aug !! Sep !! Oct !! Nov !! Dec
|-
! 1949–71
| colspan=12 | 360
|-
! 1972
| colspan=12 | 308
|-
! 1973
| 301.15 || 270.00 || 265.83 || 265.50 || 264.95 || 265.30 || 263.45 || 265.30 || 265.70 || 266.68 || 279.00 || 280.00
|-
! 1974
| 299.00 || 287.60 || 276.00 || 279.75 || 281.90 || 284.10 || 297.80 || 302.70 || 298.50 || 299.85 || 300.10 || 300.95
|-
! 1975
| 297.85 || 286.60 || 293.80 || 293.30 || 291.35 || 296.35 || 297.35 || 297.90 || 302.70 || 301.80 || 303.00 || 305.15
|-
! 1976
| 303.70 || 302.25 || 299.70 || 299.40 || 299.95 || 297.40 || 293.40 || 288.76 || 287.30 || 293.70 || 296.45 || 293.00
|-
! 1977
| 288.25 || 283.25 || 277.30 || 277.50 || 277.30 || 266.50 || 266.30 || 267.43 || 264.50 || 250.65 || 244.20 || 240.00
|-
! 1978
| 241.74 || 238.83 || 223.40 || 223.90 || 223.15 || 204.50 || 190.80 || 190.00 || 189.15 || 176.05 || 197.80 || 195.10
|-
! 1979
| 201.40 || 202.35 || 209.30 || 219.15 || 219.70 || 217.00 || 216.90 || 220.05 || 223.45 || 237.80 || 249.50 || 239.90
|-
! 1980
| 238.80 || 249.80 || 249.70 || 238.30 || 224.40 || 218.15 || 226.85 || 219.20 || 212.00 || 211.75 || 216.75 || 203.60
|-
! 1981
| 205.20 || 208.85 || 211.40 || 215.00 || 223.50 || 225.75 || 239.75 || 228.75 || 231.55 || 233.35 || 214.15 || 220.25
|-
! 1982
| 228.45 || 235.20 || 248.30 || 236.30 || 243.70 || 255.55 || 256.65 || 259.60 || 269.40 || 277.40 || 253.45 || 235.30
|-
! 1983
| 238.40 || 235.55 || 239.30 || 237.70 || 238.60 || 239.80 || 241.50 || 246.75 || 236.10 || 233.65 || 234.20 || 232.00
|-
! 1984
| 234.74 || 233.28 || 224.75 || 226.30 || 231.63 || 237.45 || 245.45 || 241.70 || 245.40 || 245.30 || 246.50 || 251.58
|-
! 1985
| 254.78 || 259.00 || 250.70 || 251.40 || 251.78 || 248.95 || 236.65 || 237.10 || 216.00 || 211.80 || 202.05 || 200.60
|-
! 1986
| 192.65 || 180.45 || 179.65 || 168.10 || 172.05 || 163.95 || 154.15 || 156.05 || 153.63 || 161.45 || 162.20 || 160.10
|-
! 1987
| 152.30 || 153.15 || 145.65 || 139.65 || 144.15 || 146.75 || 149.25 || 142.35 || 146.35 || 138.55 || 132.45 || 122.00
|-
! 1988
| 127.18 || 128.12 || 124.50 || 124.82 || 124.80 || 132.20 || 132.53 || 134.97 || 134.30 || 125.00 || 121.85 || 125.90
|-
! 1989
| 129.13 || 127.15 || 132.55 || 132.49 || 142.70 || 143.95 || 138.40 || 144.28 || 139.35 || 142.15 || 142.90 || 143.40
|-
! 1990
| 144.40 || 148.52 || 157.65 || 159.08 || 151.75 || 152.85 || 147.50 || 144.50 || 137.95 || 129.35 || 132.75 || 135.40
|-
! 1991
| 131.40 || 131.95 || 140.55 || 137.42 || 137.97 || 138.15 || 137.83 || 136.88 || 132.95 || 131.00 || 130.07 || 125.25
|-
! 1992
| 125.78 || 129.33 || 133.05 || 133.38 || 128.33 || 125.55 || 127.30 || 123.42 || 119.25 || 123.35 || 124.75 || 124.65
|-
! 1993
| 124.30 || 117.85 || 115.35 || 111.10 || 107.45 || 106.51 || 105.60 || 104.18 || 105.10 || 108.23 || 108.82 || 111.89
|-
! 1994
| 109.55 || 104.30 || 102.80 || 102.38 || 104.38 || 98.95 || 99.93 || 99.57 || 98.59 || 97.37 || 98.98 || 99.83
|-
! 1995
| 98.58 || 96.93 || 88.38 || 83.77 || 83.19 || 84.77 || 88.17 || 97.46 || 98.18 || 101.90 || 101.66 || 102.91
|-
! 1996
| 106.92 || 104.58 || 106.49 || 104.29 || 108.37 || 109.88 || 107.13 || 108.40 || 111.45 || 113.27 || 113.44 || 115.98
|-
! 1997
| 122.13 || 120.88 || 123.97 || 126.92 || 116.43 || 114.30 || 117.74 || 119.39 || 121.44 || 120.29 || 127.66 || 129.92
|-
! 1998
| 127.34 || 126.72 || 133.39 || 131.95 || 138.72 || 139.95 || 143.79 || 141.52 || 135.72 || 116.09 || 123.83 || 115.20
|-
! 1999
| 115.98 || 120.32 || 119.99 || 119.59 || 121.37 || 120.87 || 115.27 || 110.19 || 105.66 || 104.89 || 102.42 || 102.08
|-
! 2000
| 106.90 || 110.27 || 105.29 || 106.44 || 107.30 || 105.40 || 109.52 || 106.43 || 107.75 || 108.81 || 111.07 || 114.90
|-
! 2001
| 116.38 || 116.44 || 125.27 || 124.06 || 119.06 || 124.27 || 124.79 || 118.92 || 119.29 || 121.84 || 123.98 || 131.47
|-
! 2002
| 132.94 || 133.89 || 132.71 || 127.97 || 123.96 || 119.22 || 119.82 || 117.97 || 121.79 || 122.48 || 122.44 || 119.37
|-
! 2003
| 119.21 || 117.75 || 119.02 || 119.46 || 118.63 || 119.82 || 120.11 || 117.13 || 110.48 || 108.99 || 109.34 || 106.97
|-
! 2004
| 105.88 || 109.08 || 103.95 || 110.44 || 109.56 || 108.69 || 111.67 || 109.86 || 110.92 || 105.87 || 103.17 || 103.78
|-
! 2005
| 103.58 || 104.58 || 106.97 || 105.87 || 108.17 || 110.37 || 112.18 || 111.42 || 113.28 || 115.67 || 119.46 ||117.48
|-
|colspan=13 | Source: http://www2.boj.or.jp/dlong/stat/stat2.htm
|}
The table below shows the number of yen per
pound sterling (rounded to the nearest yen).
{| border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=2 style="text-align:center; border-collapse: collapse;"
|-
! rowspan=2 | Year
! colspan=12 | Month
|-
! Jan !! Feb !! Mar !! Apr !! May !! Jun !! Jul !! Aug !! Sep !! Oct !! Nov !! Dec
|-
! 2003
| || || || || || || 189 || 194 || 188 || 184 || 183 || 188
|}
Current JPY exchange rates
On last update (March 31, 2006), the rate was
1
USD = ¥117.78
1
euro = ¥142.67
1
Renminbi CNY = ¥14.691
1
Canadian Dollar = ¥100.80
See also
*
Bank of Japan
*
Japanese Military Yen
*
Capital flows in Japan
*
Monetary and fiscal policy of Japan
*
Balance of payments accounts of Japan (1960-90)
External links
*'''[http://www.boj.or.jp/en/ Bank of Japan]'''
-
Japanese currency FAQ in [http://www.imes.boj.or.jp/cm/english_htmls/index.htm Currency Museum, Bank of Japan]
-
OSATSU.NET - Japanese yen banknote tracking site, which looks like
Where's George?
-
Chart: US-Dollar in Yen
-
Chart: 100 Yen in Euro
-
Banknotes of Japan
Reference
{{loc}}
{{n-start}}
{{n-before|currency=
Japanese mon}}
{{n-currency|location=
Japan|start=
1870}}
{{n-after}}
{{n-end}}
{{AsianCurrencies}}
Category:Economy of Japan
Category:Japanese business terms
ar:ين
ast:Yen
bs:Jen
bg:ЯпонÑ?ка йена
ca:Ien
cs:Japonský jen
da:Yen
de:Yen
es:Yen
eo:Japana eno
fr:Yen
ko:ì—”
io:Yen
id:Yen
is:Jen
it:Yen
he:ין ×™×¤× ×™
ms:Yen
nl:Yen
ja:円
no:Japansk yen
nn:Yen
nds:Yen
pl:Jen
pt:Iene
ru:Иена
sk:Jen
sl:Jen
sr:Јен
fi:Jeni
sv:Yen
ta:யென�
th:เยน
tr:Yen
zh:日圓
see
Japanese yen
*** Shopping-Tip: Japanese Yen
