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Li Zicheng
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'''Lǐ Zìchéng''' (李自成) (
September 22,
1606 -
1644), born Li Hóngjī (鴻基), was a rebel in late
Ming Dynasty Ming Dynasty China who proclaimed himself Chuǎng Wáng (闖王), or "The Roaming King".
Born in Mizhi District (米脂縣), Yan'an
Subprefecture (延安府),
Shaanxi, Li grew up as a
shepherd. Li started to learn
horseriding and
archery at age 20 and started gathering peasants in 1630. In three years, he gathered more than 20,000 soldiers. The Li rebels then attacked and killed leading officials in places in
Henan,
Shanxi, and
Shaanxi.
In April
1644, Li's rebels sacked the Ming capital of
Beijing, and the
Chongzhen_Emperor last Ming emperor committed suicide. He proclaimed himself as the Emperor of
Shun Dynasty (å¤§é †çš‡å¸?). Li died after his army was defeated on May 27, 1644 by the
Manchus and
Wu Sangui, either by committing
suicide or was killed by pro-
Ming militia during his escape at the age of 40. Some folk tales hold that Li didn't die upon defeat, but instead became a
monk.
Li Zicheng historiography
Although the
Qing Dynasty Qing conquest of China was made possible by the Ming Dynasty being weakened by the Li Zicheng rebellion, ironically, official historiography during the Qing Dynasty regarded Li as an illegitimate usurper and bandit. This view sought to discourage and demonize any notions of rebellion against the Qing government. In 20th century
Maoist
China, the anti-
Confucianism Confucian and radical inclinations of the
Chinese Communist Party viewed Li Zicheng favorably, portraying him as an early revolutionary against feudalism. To this end, the government of the
People's Republic of China honored Li with a large monument in
Beijing.
{{start box}}
{{succession box | before =
Chongzhen Emperor .html">Emperor of China
years = (Shun Dynasty)
1644 | after =
Shunzhi Emperor}}
{{end box}}
External links
-
Maoist era propaganda posters glorifying Li Zicheng
Category:1606 births
Category:1645 deaths
Category:Chinese dissidents
Category:Chinese rebellions
ja:�自�
no:Li Zicheng
zh:�自�
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