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Locative case
*** Shopping-Tip: Locative case
{{Table_Cases}}
'''Locative''' is a case which indicates a location. It corresponds vaguely to the English prepositions "in", "on", "at", and "by". The locative case belongs to the general local cases together with the
lative case lative and
separative case separative case.
The locative case in various languages
The locative case exists in many languages, e.g. the
Altaic languages Altaic,
Indo-European languages Indo-European, and
Uralic languages Uralic languages.
Indo-European languages
The '''locative
Declension case''' is found in:
* in modern
Balto-Slavic languages Balto-Slavic languages (see however
prepositional case)
* some classical
Indo-European languages, particularly
Sanskrit and
Latin
* in uncommon, archaic or literary use in certain modern Indian languages (such as
Marathi in which a separate
ablative case has however disappeared)
Turkish
The locative case exists in
Turkish language Turkish. For instance, in Turkish, ''elim'' means: ''my hand'', and ''elimde'' means ''in my hand'', so using ''de'' and ''da'' suffixes, the locative case is marked.
Finnish
In Finnish, there are two sets of local cases. Instead of the locative, the Finnish language has the
inessive case inessive, which indicates a location inside of a place, and the
adessive case adessive, which indicates a location outside of a place. The ancient Uralic locative is still used in some expressions in modern Finnish, e.g.
* ulko'''na''' 'outside'
* koto'''na''' 'at home'.
In the Finnish grammar, the locative is included in the
essive case essive case. Its ending is -na/-nä.
Inari Sami
In
Inari Sami, the locative suffix is -st.
* kyelee'''st''' 'in the language'
* kieđa'''st''' 'in the hand'.
Hungarian
In the
Hungarian language Hungarian language, nine such cases exist, yet the name locative case refers to a form ''(-t/-tt)'' used only in a few city/town names along with the
Inessive case or
Superessive case. It can also be observed in a few local adverbs and
postpositions. It is no longer productive.
Examples:
* ''
Győr Győr'''ött''''' (also ''Győr'''ben'''''), ''
Pécs Pécs'''ett''''' (also ''Pécs'''en'''''), ''
Vác Vác'''ott''''' (also ''Vác'''on'''''), ''
Kaposvár Kaposvár'''t''''' and ''Kaposvár'''ott''''' (also ''Kaposvár'''on'''''), ''
Hódmezővásárhely Vásárhely'''t''''' (also ''Vásárhely'''en''''')
* ''i'''tt''''' (here), ''o'''tt''''' (there), ''imi'''tt''''', ''amo'''tt''''' (there yonder), ''ala'''tt''''' (under), ''fölö'''tt''''' (over), ''közö'''tt''''' (between/among), ''mögö'''tt''''' (behind) etc.
The town/city name suffixes ''-ban/-ben'' are the inessive ones, and the ''-on/-en/-ön'' are the superessive ones.
bg:МеÑ?тен падеж
cs:Lokál
de:Lokativ
es:Caso locativo
fr:Locatif
hr:Lokativ
ja:å‡¦æ ¼
nl:Locatief
pl:Miejscownik
fi:Lokatiivi
sr:Локатив
sv:Lokativ
*** Shopping-Tip: Locative case
