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Metropolitan Borough
*** Shopping-Tip: Metropolitan Borough
A '''metropolitan borough''' (or '''metropolitan district''') is a type of districts of England local government district in England, covering urban areas within metropolitan county metropolitan counties.
Origin of the term
The first metropolitan boroughs were created in 1899 by the London Government Act 1899 which created 28 metropolitan boroughs as sub-divisions of the County of London, they replaced the earlier vestry vestries as the second tier of local government. They were
Metropolitan Borough of Battersea Battersea,
Metropolitan Borough of Bermondsey Bermondsey,
Metropolitan Borough of Bethnal Green Bethnal Green,
Metropolitan Borough of Camberwell Camberwell,
Metropolitan Borough of Chelsea Chelsea,
Metropolitan Borough of Deptford Deptford,
Metropolitan Borough of Finsbury Finsbury,
Metropolitan Borough of Fulham Fulham,
Metropolitan Borough of Greenwich Greenwich,
Metropolitan Borough of Hackney Hackney,
Metropolitan Borough of Hammersmith Hammersmith,
Metropolitan Borough of Hampstead Hampstead,
Metropolitan Borough of Holborn Holborn,
Metropolitan Borough of Islington Islington,
Metropolitan Borough of Kensington Kensington,
Metropolitan Borough of Lambeth Lambeth,
Metropolitan Borough of Lewisham Lewisham,
Metropolitan Borough of Paddington Paddington,
Metropolitan Borough of Poplar Poplar,
Metropolitan Borough of Shoreditch Shoreditch,
Metropolitan Borough of Southwark Southwark,
Metropolitan Borough of St Marylebone St Marylebone,
Metropolitan Borough of St Pancras St Pancras,
Metropolitan Borough of Stepney Stepney,
Metropolitan Borough of Stoke Newington Stoke Newington,
Metropolitan Borough of Wandsworth Wandsworth,
Metropolitan Borough of Westminster Westminster,
Metropolitan Borough of Woolwich Woolwich
In 1965 the County of London was abolished by the London Government Act 1963 and replaced with Greater London. The 28 metropolitan boroughs were also abolished and replaced with larger London boroughs.
Current usage
The current metropolitan boroughs were created in 1974 by the Local Government Act 1972. New metropolitan county metropolitan counties were created to cover the six largest urban areas in England outside of Greater London, and these were subdivided into metropolitan boroughs. The new authorities were actually defined in law as '''metropolitan districts''', however, all of them inherited, or have been granted Royal Charters and given borough or city status in the United Kingdom city status. The new metropolitan boroughs mostly replaced the county boroughs, municipal boroughs and urban district urban and rural districts which preceeded them.
Metropolitan districts were originally part of a two-tier structure of local government, and shared power with the metropolitan county councils (MCCs). They differed from non-metropolitan districts, in the division of powers between district and county councils. Metropolitan districts were Local Education Authority Local Education Authorities and were responsible for social services — in non-metropolitan counties these services were the responsibility of county councils.
In 1986 the metropolitan county councils were abolished (by the Local Government Act 1985) and most of their functions were devolved to the boroughs, making them to a large extent unitary authority unitary authorities. However, this description is not always used; although most of the functions of the MCCs were devolved to the boroughs, some of their functions were taken over by joint bodies such as Passenger Transport Executive Passenger Transport Authorities, and joint fire, police and waste disposal authorities.
The metropolitan boroughs are:
{|
!Metropolitan County!!Metropolitan Boroughs
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| Greater Manchester.html">Manchester, Bolton.html">Metropolitan Borough of Bolton|Bolton, Metropolitan Borough of Bury Bury, Metropolitan Borough of Oldham Oldham, Metropolitan Borough of Rochdale Rochdale, City of Salford Salford, Metropolitan Borough of Stockport Stockport, Tameside, Trafford, Metropolitan Borough of Wigan Wigan
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| Merseyside.html">Liverpool, Knowsley, Sefton, Metropolitan Borough of St Helens St Helens.html" title="Meaning of St Helens">St Helens, Wirral (borough) Wirral
|-
| South Yorkshire.html">Sheffield, Barnsley.html">Metropolitan Borough of Barnsley|Barnsley, Metropolitan Borough of Doncaster Doncaster, Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham Rotherham
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| Tyne and Wear.html">Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Gateshead.html">Metropolitan Borough of Gateshead|Gateshead, South Tyneside, North Tyneside, City of Sunderland Sunderland
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| West Midlands (county) West Midlands|| Birmingham, Coventry, Metropolitan Borough of Dudley Dudley, Sandwell, Metropolitan Borough of Solihull Solihull, Metropolitan Borough of Walsall Walsall, Wolverhampton
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| West Yorkshire.html">City of Leeds Leeds, City of Bradford Bradford, Calderdale, Kirklees, City of Wakefield Wakefield
|}
For the historic London metropolitan boroughs see County of London.
See also
* Non-metropolitan district
* County Borough
* Subdivisions of England
* Passenger Transport Executive
{{England Gov}}
Category:Subnational entities United Kingdom, Metropolitan Borough
Category:Local government of the United Kingdom
Category:Boroughs of the United Kingdom
Category:United Kingdom planning law
de:Metropolitan Borough
it:Distretto metropolitano d'Inghilterra
see Metropolitan borough
*** Shopping-Tip: Metropolitan Borough
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