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Min (linguistics)
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{{language
|name=Min
|nativename=閩方言
|familycolor=Sino-Tibetan
|states=
China Chinese Provinces of China province of
Fujian,
Guangdong (around
Chaozhou-
Swatou and
Leizhou peninsula),
Hainan,
Zhejiang Zhoushan archipelago off
Ningbo,
Malaysia,
Singapore,
Taiwan & other Chinese communities around the world
|speakers=over 49 million
|fam2=
Chinese dialect Chinese
|iso1=zh|iso2b=chi|iso2t=zho
|lc1=cdo|ld1=Min Dong
|lc2=cpx|ld2=Pu-Xian
|lc3=czo|ld3=Min Zhong
|lc4=mnp|ld4=Min Bei
|lc5=nan|ld5=Min Nan|ll5=Min-nan
}}
'''Min''' ({{zh-cp|c=閩方言|p=MÇ?n fÄ?ngyán}};
PeÌ?h-Å?e-jÄ« POJ: Bân hong-giân;
Romanized BUC BUC:
Mìng huÅ?ng-ngiòng) is a general term for a group of
Chinese dialect dialects of the
Chinese language spoken in the southeastern
China Chinese Provinces of China province of
Fujian as well as by migrants from this province in
Guangdong (around
Chaozhou-
Swatou, or
Chaoshan area, and the
Leizhou peninsula),
Hainan, three counties in southern
Zhejiang, and
Zhoushan archipelago off
Ningbo, and
Taiwan. There are many Min speakers also among
overseas Chinese in
Southeast Asia.
Min is typically divided, on the basis of mutual unintelligibility, into
Min Bei northern Min (Min Bei),
Minnan southern Min (Min Nan), and other sub-groups. Min Bei is centered around the city of
Fuzhou, capital of Fujian province (though this variant is also classed by some as ''Min-Dong'', Eastern Min), while Min Nan is dominant in most other locations. Qiong Wen, spoken in Hainan, is sometimes classed as a separate sub-group, but often viewed as part of Min Nan.
Min Nan is also called by the name of its regional variants in the places it is spoken, especially
Taiwanese (linguistics) Taiwanese.
Xiamen (Amoy) dialect is the prestige dialect of Min Nan in mainland China, with
Teochew language Teochew also being an important sub-variant.
More complex division is suggested by
SIL:
Min Bei Northern Min (''Min-Bei'', around
Jian'ou in Fujian), Central Min (''Min-Zhong'', around
Shaxian,
Sanming), Eastern Min (''Min-Dong'' in Fuzhou), Xinghua (in
Puxian and
Xianyou counties) and Southern Min (''
Min-nan Min-Nan'', in
Zhangzhou,
Quanzhou, Xiamen). Southern Min is also spoken by Fujian or
Hoklo diaspora in Guangdong, Taiwan, Hainan, etc.
The
Min-nan Southern Min language in Taiwan is known as
Taiwanese language ''Hō-ló-oē'', in Guangdong as ''
Hoklo'', in Hainan as ''Qiong Wen'' or ''Qiongzhou hua'' (though some class Qiong Wen as a separate sub-group). Min Nan is the dominant Chinese dialect spoken by the Chinese minority in the Philippines, known as
Lan-nang. In
Singapore,
Malaysia,
Indonesia and other areas in Southeast Asia,
Minnan is known as
Hokkien (dialect) Hokkien, in addition to the
Teochew language Teochew variant, originating in the Chaoshan region, which is the ancestral home of many
Chinese in Singapore ethnic Chinese in Singapore.
Writing system
The writing system in
Chinese characters is identical to
Standard Mandarin Mandarin, with the addition of some specialized characters, although some Taiwanese Minnan speakers use the Church Romanization ({{zh-cp|c=教會羅馬å—|p=Jiaohui Luomazi}}) called
PeÌ?h-Å?e-jÄ« POJ (short for Pe̍h-oē-jī) created by foreign missionaries in the 19th century (this Romanization is also used on Minnan ). There are some uncommon publications in mixed writing, combining
Chinese characters for Chinese words and
Latin alphabet for indigenous words, including those from
Taiwanese aborigines.
External links
-
Classification of Min Dialects
-
Ethnologue Report For Chinese Min-Nan
{{Chinese_language}}
Category:Chinese language
Category:Languages of Singapore
br:Mineg
de:Min-Dialekt
es:Dialectos min
fr:Min (langue)
ja:�建語
fi:Min-kiina
zh:é—½è¯
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