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Municipality
*** Shopping-Tip: Municipality
A '''municipality''' or "'''general-purpose district'''" (compare with: "
special-purpose district") is an administrative local area generally composed of a clearly defined territory and commonly referring to a
city,
town, or
village government.
Municipalities are not necessarily the same as
townships.
In most
country countries, this is the smallest administrative subdivision to have its own
democracy democratically election elected republic representative leadership. In several European countries, municipalities as second-level entities are referred to as ''
Commune (subdivision) communes''.
Municipalities as second-level entities
*In
Australia, a municipality is a city or shire and is a subdivision of a
States of Australia state
*In
Austria, a municipality (''Gemeinde'') is part of a
district#Austria district (''Bezirk''), which is in turn part of a
States of Austria state (''Bundesland'').
*In
Belgium, a municipality (''
List of Belgian municipalities gemeente/commune'') is part of a province (''
Communities, regions and provinces of Belgium provincie/province'')
*In
Bosnia and Herzegovina, a municipality (''općina'' or ''opština'') is
** part of a canton (''
Cantons of Bosnia and Herzegovina kanton'')
** a subdivision (grouped in
Regions of Republika Srpska regions)
*In
Brazil, a municipality (''municÃpio'') is part of a state (''
States of Brazil estado'')
*In
Canada, a municipality is a city, town, township, county, or regional municipality which has been incorporated by
statute by the legislatures of the
Provinces and territories of Canada. It is also a specific designation for certain municipalities in
Quebec and
Ontario. Certain areas of
Saskatchewan and
Manitoba are designated as
Rural municipality rural municipalities.
*In
Chile, a municipality (''comuna'') is part of a province (''
Provinces of Chile provincia'')
*In
Colombia, a municipality (''municipio'') is part of a department (''departamento'')
*In
Croatia, a municipality (''općina'') is part of a county (''
Counties of Croatia županija'')
*In
Denmark, a municipality (''
Municipalities of Denmark kommune'') is part of a county (''
Counties of Denmark amt'')
*In
Finland, a municipality (''
Municipalities of Finland kunta'') co-operates with municipalities nearby in a sub-region (''seutukunta'') and region (''maakunta''); a region belongs to a province (''
Provinces of Finland lääni'') of the state. A municipality can freely call itself a "city" (''kaupunki'').
*In
France, a municipality (''
Commune in France commune'') is part of a department (''
département in France département'')
*In
Germany, a municipality (''
Municipalities in Germany Gemeinde'') is part of a district (''
List of German districts Kreis''). Larger entities of the same level are called towns (''Stadt'').
*In
Greece, a municipality is either an urban ''demoi'' or rural ''koinotetes'' which is then part of a
prefecture (''
nomos'') and then a larger region known as a
peripheries periphery.
*In
Italy, a municipality (''
comune'') is part of a province (''
Provinces of Italy provincia'') which is part of a region (''
Regions of Italy regione'').
*In
Japan, a municipality is the sphere of government within the prefectures, the sub-division of the state.
*In
Mexico, a municipality (''
municipio (Mexico) municipio'') is a subdivision of a state (
States of Mexico estado) and a borogh (''
delegación'') is a subdivision of the
Federal District (Mexico) Federal District (see
municipalities of Mexico and
Boroughs of the Mexican Federal District).
*In the
Netherlands, a municipality (''
Municipalities in the Netherlands gemeente'') is part of a province (''
Provinces of the Netherlands provincie'').
*Every part of mainland
New Zealand is part of either a "city" (mostly urban) or a "district" (mostly rural). The term "municipality" has become rare in New Zealand since about 1979 and has no legal status.
*In
Norway, a municipality (''
Municipalities of Norway kommune'') is part of a county (''
Counties of Norway fylke'')
*In the
Philippines, a municipality (''
Philippine municipality bayan'') is part of a province (''
Provinces of the Philippines lalawigan'') and is composed of
barangays.
*In
Poland, a municipality (''
gmina'') is a part of a county (''
powiat'').
*In
Portugal, a municipality (''
municÃpio'') is subdivision of a district (''
Portuguese districts distritos'').
*In
Puerto Rico, a municipality (''municipio'') is a city. Each municipality has an elected mayor.
*In
Romania, a municipality (''municipiu'') is a town or a city ranked by law at this level. See
Municipality in Romania for more information.
*In
Serbia, a municipality (''
Political divisions of Serbia and Montenegro opština'') is part of a county (''
okrug'')
*In
South Africa, municipalities are subdivisions of a province, and are ranked by size. In descending order: metropolitan, district, local.
*In
Sweden, a municipality (''
Municipalities of Sweden kommun'') is part of a county (''
Counties of Sweden län'').
*In
Switzerland, a municipality (''
Municipalities in Switzerland commune/Gemeinde/comune'') is part of a canton (''
Cantons of Switzerland canton/Kanton/cantone'') and defined by cantonal law.
*In the
United States, the entities that have status as a municipality vary from
U.S. state state to state. Cities, towns,
boroughs, or villages are common terms for municipalities. Townships, counties, and
parishes are not generally considered to be municipalities, although there are exceptions. In some states, towns have a non-municipal status similar to townships.
*In
Venezuela, a municipality (''municipio'') is part of a state, as well as a subdivison of the
Venezuelan Capital District Capital District (''
Subdivisions of Venezuela estado'').
First-level entities and other forms of municipalities
*In the
People's Republic of China, a municipality (直辖市 in
pinyin:
Municipalities in China zhÃxiáshì) is a
city with equal status to a
Province of China province:
Beijing Municipality Beijing,
Tianjin Municipality Tianjin,
Shanghai Municipality Shanghai, and
Chongqing Municipality Chongqing (see
Municipality of China)
*In the
Republic of China on
Taiwan, a municipality (直轄市 in
Wade-Giles:
Municipalities in Taiwan chi-hsia-shih) is a city with equal status to a province:
Taipei and
Kaohsiung. (see
Municipality of China)
*In
Portugal, a municipality (''
Municipalities of Portugal municÃpio''/''
Concelhos of Portugal concelho'') is the primary
local administrative unit. Although it is a part of a district (''
Districts of Portugal distrito'') for certain national administrative purposes, the municipality is not subordinate to the district and decentralization is doing away with the districts. A municipality contains one or more ''
freguesias''.
*In
Puerto Rico, there are no first order administrative divisions, and the municipalities (''
Municipalities of Puerto Rico municipio'') serves as second-order, but first level, administrative divisions.
*In
Montenegro, a municipality (''
Political divisions of Serbia and Montenegro opština'') is the topmost regional division
*
Municipalities of Libya, some very large.
*In
Slovenia, a municipality (''
Municipalities of Slovenia obÄ?ina'') is the primary
local administrative unit. There are 193 of them, 11 of which have a special "Urban" status with additional autonomy.
*In
Spain, a municipality (''
Municipalities of Spain municÃpio'') is the primary
local administrative unit. It is a part of a province (''
Provinces of Spain provincia'') for all national administrative purposes. A municipality contains one or more ''
parroquias''. In the Galiza region, the municipalities are called
concellos.
See also
*
:Category:Lists of municipalities (with lists for countries)
*
Municipal government
*
Mayor
*
Council-manager government
*
Mayor-council government
*
Special-purpose district
*
Subnational entity
*
Political science
*
Muni
*
Washington city government
*
Political subdivisions of New York State
*
Municipal services
{{Subnational entity}}
Category:Subnational entities
es:Municipio
fi:Kunta
fr:Municipalité
hu:Település
pt:MunicÃpio
sv:Kommun
zh:直辖市
*** Shopping-Tip: Municipality
