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PING
*** Shopping-Tip: PING
{{alternateuses}}
Image:Screengrab - ping in a win2k command window.png thumbnail|right|ping in a Windows 2000 command window
'''Ping''' is the name of a
computer network tool used on
Internet protocol suite TCP/IP networks (such as the
Internet). It provides a basic test of whether a particular
node (networking) host is operating properly and is reachable on the network from the testing host. Ping provides estimates of the
round-trip time and
packet loss rate between hosts. It works by sending
ICMP “echo request�
packets to the target host and listening for replies (ICMP “echo response� packets).
History
Mike Muuss wrote the program in December, 1983, as a tool to troubleshoot odd behavior on an IP network. He named it after the pulses of sound made by a
sonar, since its operation is analogous to active
sonar in
submarine submarines, in which an operator issues a pulse of energy (a network packet) at the target, which then bounces from the target and is received by the operator. (Later
David L. Mills provided a
backronym, "'''P'''acket '''I'''nter'''n'''et '''G'''rouper (Groper)", also by other people "'''P'''acked '''I'''nter'''n'''et
Gopher '''G'''opher", after the small
rodents )
The usefulness of ping in assisting the "diagnosis" of Internet connectivity issues was impaired from late in
2003, when a number of
Internet Service Providers filtered out ICMP Type 8 (echo request) messages at their network boundaries.
Computer worm Internet worms such as
Welchia flooded the Internet with ping requests as they sought to locate new
Computer hosts to infect, causing problems to
routers across the Internet.
Sample pinging
The following is a sample output of pinging
www.google.com under
linux with the iputils version of ping:
$ ping www.google.com
PING www.l.google.com (72.14.203.99) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 72.14.203.99: icmp_seq=1 ttl=242 time=29.4 ms
64 bytes from 72.14.203.99: icmp_seq=2 ttl=242 time=28.1 ms
64 bytes from 72.14.203.99: icmp_seq=3 ttl=242 time=32.3 ms
64 bytes from 72.14.203.99: icmp_seq=4 ttl=242 time=26.6 ms
64 bytes from 72.14.203.99: icmp_seq=5 ttl=242 time=26.9 ms
64 bytes from 72.14.203.99: icmp_seq=6 ttl=242 time=27.0 ms
64 bytes from 72.14.203.99: icmp_seq=7 ttl=242 time=29.3 ms
64 bytes from 72.14.203.99: icmp_seq=8 ttl=242 time=27.5 ms
64 bytes from 72.14.203.99: icmp_seq=9 ttl=242 time=27.7 ms
64 bytes from 72.14.203.99: icmp_seq=10 ttl=242 time=28.8 ms
--- www.l.google.com ping statistics ---
10 packets transmitted, 10 received, 0% packet loss, time 9011ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 26.647/28.409/32.377/1.631 ms
This output shows that
www.google.com is a
Domain Name System DNS CNAME record for
www.l.google.com which then resolves to
72.14.203.99.
The output then shows the results of making 10 pings to 72.14.203.99 with the results summarized at the end.
* smallest ping time was 26.647 milliseconds
* average ping time was 28.409 milliseconds
* maximum ping time was 32.377 milliseconds
Pinging in Windows
In the earlier versions of Windows, pinging was done in the DOS Shell. In the newer, non-DOS versions of Windows, pinging is done by by going to Start->Run->cmd.exe to access the command line interface. Once in the CLI, the proccess is the same, simply typing "ping" followed by a space and then the url or ip address. In the DOS versions of windows, the replies to the pings would be signified with a "Pong." In the newer versions of Windows though, the reply is simply noted as "Reply from."
Pinging yahoo.com
In the early
1990s, many people began to ping yahoo.com when their internet connection seemed slow or dead. Many
Internet Service Provider support technicians and simply tech-savvy individuals recommended pinging yahoo.com, creating this
idea. It caught on, because in early 1990s,
Yahoo! Yahoo was the primary hub of useful information and the domain name was already well known, and had a high uptime due to its then-unique use of
Akamai load balancing. Today, other methods of checking connection speed and quality exist, such as
traceroute or pinging other large sites such as google.com or bbc.co.uk, but due to the meme Yahoo has remained popular.
See also
*
Traceroute
*
Pathping
*
tnsping, an
Oracle Corporation Oracle utility
*
Type of Service TOS spec
External links
-
The Story of the PING Program by its author, Mike Muuss
-
Ping Utility
-
Free Web-based Ping Utility
-
Ping a server or web site using 13+ checkpoints worldwide
-
An overview of ping from
Linux Journal Magazine
-
Ping Wiki - Links to hundreds of web based ping pages, sorted by
Autonomous System Number.
-
ICMP (Ping) Sequence Diagram - Sequence diagram describes ping, trace route and other ICMP operations.
-
The Story about Ping - A classic children's book that entered computer history with a user's hilarious review on [http://www.amazon.com Amazon.com] showing the deft analogies between this plucky little duck and the PING program.
Category:Network-related software
Category:Internet
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Ping
*** Shopping-Tip: PING
