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Public University

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{{unreferenced}} Image:Berkeley_glade_afternoon.jpg United States National Research Council 225px|thumb|Named America's top graduate school by the [[United States National Research Council|National Research Council, the University of California, Berkeley is a public university. .html" title="Meaning of National Research Council.html" title="Meaning of 225px|thumb|Named America's top graduate school by the [[United States National Research Council|National Research Council">225px|thumb|Named America's top graduate school by the [[United States National Research Council|National Research Council, the University of California, Berkeley is a public university. ">National Research Council.html" title="Meaning of 225px|thumb|Named America's top graduate school by the [[United States National Research Council|National Research Council">225px|thumb|Named America's top graduate school by the [[United States National Research Council|National Research Council, the University of California, Berkeley is a public university. Image:RotundaII.jpg University of Virginia.html" title="Meaning of 225px 225px|thumb|The public [[University of Virginia is a World Heritage Site..html" title="Meaning of thumb|The public [[University of Virginia">225px|thumb|The public [[University of Virginia is a World Heritage Site.">thumb|The public [[University of Virginia">225px|thumb|The public [[University of Virginia is a World Heritage Site. Image:Cam_formal_dinner_st_johns_hall_2005.jpg United Kingdom 225px|thumb|All except one of the [[United Kingdom|British universities are public, including University of Oxford Oxford and University of Cambridge Cambridge..html" title="Meaning of British.html" title="Meaning of 225px|thumb|All except one of the [[United Kingdom|British">225px|thumb|All except one of the [[United Kingdom|British universities are public, including University of Oxford Oxford and University of Cambridge Cambridge.">British.html" title="Meaning of 225px|thumb|All except one of the [[United Kingdom|British">225px|thumb|All except one of the [[United Kingdom|British universities are public, including University of Oxford Oxford and University of Cambridge Cambridge. A '''public university''' is an institution of higher education that is predominantly funded by public means through a national or regional government. In places such as Australia, Canada, Germany, Portugal, South Africa, the United Kingdom and other countries in Europe, most significant university universities are public, while in the United States and Japan, both public and private university private universities are common and generally regarded as having similar academic standards. Many major public universities around the world were formerly private or organized religion religious institutions. Worldwide, some public institutions like Peking University, ETH Zurich, the University of Oxford, the University of Cambridge, the London School of Economics, Trinity College, Dublin Trinity College Dublin, and University of Tokyo are held in particularly high esteem. In fact, in a recent worldwide university study by the ''The Times Higher Education Supplement'', four of the top 10 universities were public, with UC Berkeley 2nd, Cambridge and Oxford 5th and 6th, and ETH Zurich rounding out the top 10. World rankings by Shanghai Jiaotong University came up with similar findings.

Public Universities Worldwide

North America
In the United States, most public universities are state university state universities founded and operated by U.S. state state government entities. Every U.S. state has at least one public university to its name, and the largest states have more than a dozen. This is a direct result of the 1862 Morrill Land-Grant Colleges Act Morrill Land-Grant Acts, which gave each eligible state 30,000 acres of federal land upon which to establish educational institutions. States generally charge higher tuition to out-of-state students, a practice which the United States Supreme Court has deemed constitutional because the state is acting as a market participant providing a service, rather than protecting a fundamental right. It has never been determined whether the U.S. Constitution would allow the Federal Government of the United States federal government to establish a federal university system; the only federally chartered universities that currently exist are those under the auspices of the U.S. military, such as United States Military Academy West Point, the United States Naval Academy Naval Academy and the United States Air Force Academy. Historically, the most prestigious universities in the United States have been private institutions such as Harvard University, Yale University and other Ivy League universities. While this perception continues, some of the top public institutions, like the University of California, Berkeley, University of California, Los Angeles, University of California, San Diego, University of California, Irvine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Michigan, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, University of Virginia, College of William and Mary, University of Texas at Austin and the University of Wisconsin-Madison, are highly prestigious as well. In fact, many of these universities are referred to as Public Ivies in an influential book by Richard Moll. In Canada, education is the responsibility of the individual Provinces of Canada provinces, including the administration of universities.

East Asia
In Taiwan, public ("national") universities are considered to be generally more prestigious than private universities and require higher entrance examination scores. In mainland China today, few private universities exist, and have only appeared in recent years. Several have been founded by large (public) institutions as legally independent spin-offs. These institutions are generally less highly regarded than their public counterparts, as they are seen by many to be focused primarily on profit income generation rather than the educational endeavor. Category:University and college types see public university

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