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S/2005 P 1

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{| style="margin-left: 1em; float: right; border: 1px solid #CCC;" |+ '''S/2005 P 1''' |- | bgcolor="#000000" colspan="2" align="center"| Image:Plutonian system.jpg 275px
Artist conception of S/2005 P 1 (foreground),
Pluto & Charon (background),
and S/2005 P 2 (bright dot center left) |- ! bgcolor="#a0ffa0" colspan="2" | Discovery |- ! align="left" | Discovered by | Hubble Space Telescope
Pluto Companion Search Team |- ! align="left" | Discovered in | June 2005 |- ! bgcolor="#a0ffa0" colspan="2" | Orbital characteristics |- ! align="left" | Semi-major axis | 64 780 ± 90 kilometre km |- ! align="left" | Eccentricity (orbit) Eccentricity | 0.005 ± 0.001 |- ! align="left" | Orbital period | 38.206 ± 0.001 d |- ! align="left" | Inclination | 0.22° ± 0.12° (to Pluto's equator) |- ! align="left" | Is a natural satellite satellite of | Pluto |- ! bgcolor="#a0ffa0" colspan="2" | Physical characteristics |- ! align="left" | Mean diameter | 44-50 km (based on assumed albedo) |- ! align="left" | Mass | < 5{{e|18}} kilogram kg |- ! align="left" | Mean density | ? |- ! align="left" | Sideral day Rotation period | ? |- ! align="left" | Axial tilt | ? |- ! align="left" | Albedo | 0.35 (assumed) |- ! align="left" | Surface Temperature temp. | 33-55 Kelvin K |- ! align="left" | Celestial body atmosphere Atmosphere | none |} '''S/2005 P 1''', or "P1" for short, is a natural satellite of Pluto. It is one of two discovered in June 2005 by the Hubble Space Telescope Pluto Companion Search Team, composed of Hal A. Weaver, S. Alan Stern, Max J. Mutchler, Andrew J. Steffl, Marc W. Buie, William J. Merline, John R. Spencer, Eliot F. Young, and Leslie A. Young. The discovery images were taken on May 15, 2005 and May 18, 2005; the moons were first spotted by Max J. Mutchler on June 15, 2005, and the discoveries were announced, once confirmed by other observations and precovery precoveries, on October 31, 2005. The satellite orbits the barycenter of the system in the same plane as Charon (moon) Charon and S/2005 P 2, at a distance of about 65 000 km. Unlike other satellites of Pluto, its orbit is only ''nearly'' circular; its eccentricity (orbit) eccentricity of 0.0052 is small, but significantly non-zero. The orbital period is 38.2 days, which misses being a 1:6 orbital resonance with Charon by only 0.3%. It is thought that this near-resonance originated in the outward migration of Charon after the formation of all three moons, and is maintained by a periodic local fluctuation of 15% in the Pluto-Charon gravitational field. Image:Pluto system 2005 discovery images.jpg thumb|250px|left|Discovery images of '''S/2005 P 1'''. Although its size has not been directly measured, the moon is calculated have a diameter of between 44-50 km, if its albedo reflectivity is similar to Charon's 35%, and 130-150 km, if it has a reflectivity of 4% like the darkest KBOs. All of Pluto's moons are spectrum spectrally neutral, however, so the lower end of the range seems likely. At the time of discovery, S/2005 P 1 was about 25% brighter than its sister moon S/2005 P 2, which led to the assumption that its diameter was some 10% larger. However, in subsequent observations the two moons were about equal in brightness. This variation may be due either to albedo variations in P1's surface or to an oblong shape. The moon is to be visited along with Pluto by the ''New Horizons'' mission in 2015. S/2005 P 1 has been nicknamed "Baltimore" by its discoverers, after the location of the Hubble's scientific institute. A formal name is being readied for submission to the International Astronomical Union this spring.

External links

- IAU Circular No. 8625 describing the discovery
- Background Information Regarding Our Two Newly Discovered Satellites of Pluto – The discoverers' website
- NASA's Hubble Reveals Possible New Moons Around Pluto – Hubble press release
- Two More Moons Discovered Orbiting Pluto (SPACE.com)

References
* Steffl A.J., Mutchler M.J., Weaver H.A., Stern S.A., Durda D.D., Terrell D., Merline W.J., Young L.A., Young E.F., Buie M.W., Spencer J.R. (2005), ''New Constraints on Additional Satellites of the Pluto System'', Astronomical Journal, submitted ([http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0511837 preprint]) * Buie M.W., Grundy W.M., Young, E.F., Young L.A., Stern S.A. (2005), ''Orbits and photometry of Pluto's satellites: Charon, S/2005 P1 and S/2005 P2'', submitted ([http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0512491 preprint]) {{Template:Pluto Footer}} Category:Pluto's moons Category:Trans-Neptunian objects bg:S/2005 P 1 da:S/2005 P 1 de:S/2005 P1 fr:S/2005 P 1 io:S/2005 P 1 it:S/2005 P 1 ja:S/2005 P 1 pl:S/2005 P 1 pt:S/2005 P 1 ru:S/2005 P 1 sk:S/2005 P 1 fi:S/2005 P 1 zh:S/2005 P1

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