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SAMPA
*** Shopping-Tip: SAMPA
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The '''Speech Assessment Methods Phonetic Alphabet (SAMPA)''' is a computer-readable phonetic script using 7-bit printable
ASCII characters, based on the
International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA).
It was originally developed in the late 1980s for six European languages by the
European Community EEC ESPRIT information technology research and development program. As many symbols as possible have been taken over from the IPA; where this is not possible, other signs that are available are used, e.g. [
@] for
schwa (IPA {{IPA|ə}}), [
2] for the vowel sound found in French ''deux'' (IPA {{IPA|ø}}), and [
9] for the vowel sound found in French ''neuf'' (IPA {{IPA|œ}}).
Today, officially, SAMPA has been developed for all the sounds of the following languages:
{|
|- valign=top
| width=33% |
*
Arabic language Arabic
*
Bulgarian language Bulgarian
*
Cantonese language Cantonese
*
Czech language Czech
*
Danish language Danish
*
Dutch language Dutch
*
English language English
*
Estonian language Estonian
*
French language French
| width=33% |
*
German language German
*
Greek language Greek
*
Hebrew language Hebrew
*
Hungarian language Hungarian
*
Italian language Italian
*
Norwegian language Norwegian
*
Polish language Polish
*
Portuguese language Portuguese
*
Romanian language Romanian
| width=33% |
*
Russian language Russian
*
Scots language Scots
*
Serbo-Croatian language Serbo-Croatian
*
Slovak language Slovak
*
Spanish language Spanish
*
Swedish language Swedish
*
Thai language Thai
*
Turkish language Turkish
|}
The characters [
'''"s{mp@'''] represent the pronunciation of the name SAMPA in English. Like IPA, SAMPA is usually enclosed in
bracket square brackets or
slash (punctuation) slashes, which are not part of the alphabet proper and merely signify that it is phonetic as opposed to regular text.
Problems with SAMPA
SAMPA tables are valid only in the language they were created for. The tables of languages are not harmonised so there are conflicts between languages. The result of this problem is that SAMPA cannot be used as an ASCII representation of the general
International Phonetic Alphabet IPA alphabet. To solve this problem
X-SAMPA was created, which provides ''one single table'' without language-specific differences.
SAMPA was devised as a
Hack (technology slang) hack to work around the inability of
text encodings to represent IPA symbols. However, as
Unicode support for IPA symbols becomes more widespread, the necessity for a separate, computer-readable system for representing the IPA in ASCII decreases.
See also
* A concise version of
SAMPA chart for English sounds.
* A more complete
SAMPA chart of the sounds found in most of the European languages.
*
Kirshenbaum, sometimes called ASCII-IPA is another
ASCII phonetic alphabet.
* IPA,
International Phonetic Alphabet
*
X-SAMPA, a language-independent notation similar to SAMPA, but covering the entire IPA repertoire.
External links
{{Wiktionary}}
-
SAMPA computer readable phonetic alphabet
-
Phonemic notation of English in SAMPA
-
SAMPA for Scots
Category:Phonetic alphabets
Category:Writing systems
als:SAMPA
br:SAMPA
ca:SAMPA
cs:SAMPA
da:SAMPA
de:SAMPA
es:SAMPA
eo:SAMPA
fr:SAMPA
hu:SAMPA
nl:Speech Assessment Methods Phonetic Alphabet
ja:SAMPA
pt:SAMPA
ro:SAMPA
zh:SAMPA
'''Sampa''' may refer to one of the following:
*
Sampa, Ghana
* Sampa, a goddess commemorated in
Paganism in the Eastern Alps
*
SAMPA, a way of representing the
International Phonetic Alphabet in 7-bit ASCII characters
{{disambig}}
pt:SAMPA (desambiguação)
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*** Shopping-Tip: SAMPA
