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Sanyo Main Line
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The '''San'yō Main Line''' (山陽本線, San'yō-honsen) is the
Japan Railway JR main railway line in western Japan, connecting
Kobe Station and
Moji Station, largely running parallel the coast of the
Inland Sea, in other words the southern edge of western
Honshu. The
Sanyo Shinkansen line runs largely parallel to its route since
1972. The name Sanyo derived from the ancient region and highway
San'yodo, the road on the sunny (south) side of the mountains.
The San'yō Main Line is operated by the following two JR companies.
*
West Japan Railway Company (
Kobe Station Kobe-
Shimonoseki Station Shimonoseki), 528.1 km.
*
Kyushu Railway Company (
Shimonoseki Station Shimonoseki-
Moji Station Moji), 6.3 km.
The
Wadamisaki Line, a short section of line in length of 2.7 km between
Hyogo Station Hyogo and
Wadamisaki Station Wadamisaki stations in
Kobe is technically part of the San'yō Main Line. Also a short section connecting to Kita Kyushu Freight Terminal is included into Sanyo Main Line.
Technically its length in total is 537.1 km. There are 118 stations for passangers service and five freight stations. Some stations are used by both passengers and freight.
History
Originally the main stretch of line between Kobe Station and Shimonoseki Station was constructed by the private company Sanyo Tetsudo (Sanyo Railway) between the 1880s and
1901. First the section between Hyogo Station (in
Kobe) and Akashi Station (in
Akashi, Hyogo) was opened in
1888. In 1889 it was extended to the east to Kobe Station and to the west Tatsuno Station (
Tatsuno, Hyogo). The Sanyo Railway was gradually extended to the west, and finally in 1901 it reached Bakan Station, the current-day Shimonoseki Station. Under the Railway Nationalisation Act of
1906 it was purchased by the Japanese government and renamed Sanyo Main Line.
The Sanyo Main Line runs mainly along the
Inland Sea but some parts could be shortened by tunnels. In
1934 the
Gantoku Line between
Iwakuni and Tokuyama (today
Shunan, Yamaguchi) was opened and replaced the former line which run through Yanagii along the Inland Sea. In
1944 it was replaced again the former part because in the former part two tracks were placed. It was a part of setting double tracking between Kobe and Shimonoseki.
Sanyo Main Line was connected to
Kyushu by ferry from
Shimonoseki and Shimonosekiko Station (Port Shimonoseki). In
1942 the
Kanmon Tunnel under
Kanmon Straits was completed and the Sanyo Main Line was extended to Moji Station.
Except for the Wadamisaki Line, the entire line was electrified in
1964, the year the Tokaido
Shinkansen opened between
Tokyo_Station Tokyo and
Shin-Osaka Station Osaka. Between Shin-Osaka Station through
Osaka Station many expresses ran in Sanyo Main Line and it serves transport way running the Western Honshu and connection to
Kyushu. Shinkansen was extended as Sanyo Shinkansen. It was extended to
Okayama Station in
1972 and to
Hakata Station in
1975. In both occasions many expresses were obsoleted. Since 1972 the Sanyo Main Line is mainly used by mostly local and freight services as well as some night trains.
Category:Railway lines of Japan
ja:山陽本線
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