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Yamaha qy10

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The '''Yamaha QY10''' is a hand-held Music workstation produced by the Yamaha Corporation in the early 1990s. Possessing a Musical Instrument Digital Interface MIDI Music sequencer sequencer, a tone generator and a tiny single-octave musical keyboard keyboard, the portable and Battery (electricity) battery-powered QY10 enables a musician to musical composition compose music while travelling. Image:Yamaha_QY10.jpg thumb|The Yamaha QY10

History
Released by Yamaha in 1990, the QY10 was the first device offering the facilities of a music workstation in a portable package. In response to its design, the music technology press word coinage coined the term "walkstation", a pun on the words "walkman" and "workstation". The QY10 sold well, indicating that there was a market for these devices, so Yamaha followed it up in 1992 with the more powerful Yamaha QY20 and QY22 Yamaha QY20. Subsequently, both Yamaha (most Yamaha QY sequencers) and Roland Corporation Roland (the Roland PMA-5) have produced walkstations, although neither have officially used the term "walkstation" for their products. In 1992, Novation Electronic Music Systems Novation took advantage of the QY10's success by releasing a companion keyboard, the Novation MM10. The top of the keyboard has a slot which securely accommodates a QY10, and short cables connect the two units together. With two octaves of full size velocity-sensitive keys, the MM10 overcomes a significant limitation of the QY10: its lack of a proper keyboard. Combined, they constitute a complete, if basic, music workstation. During the 1990s, electronic musical equipment became more dependent on large and sophisticated graphical display device displays. However, the QY10's display is a small Liquid crystal display LCD panel which accommodates only 16 characters of text. This made it feasible for the Kentucky LCD Interface Project to modify the QY10 with a speech synthesis speech interface as an assistive technology for the blindness blind. The QY10 was discontinued in the mid 1990s.

Sequencer
The main feature of the QY10 is its eight track sequencer. With its pattern-based design, this is primarily intended to support song writing rather than general musical composition. A ''pattern'' is a short sequence of backing music played on bass (musical term) bass, percussion instrument percussion and two other musical instrument instruments. Patterns for various musical styles are built into the QY10, for example European house music, rhythm and blues and bossa nova. Users may also write their own patterns, which must be written in the key (music) key of C major scale major. When playing a song, the QY10 automatically re-harmony harmonises patterns to match a selected chord (music) chord. The eight tracks of the sequencer are thus divided into two groups: four standard sequencer tracks and four tracks dedicated to pattern playback. The latter are typically programmed as one "backing track" which stores a sequence of pattern numbers and chord changes. The QY10's sequencer data is maintained by an internal back-up battery, but it may be also be stored externally by transferring it to a suitable device (e.g. a MIDI equipped computer) with a MIDI bulk dump operation.

Tone generator
The QY10's tone generator is a sampling (music) sample-based synthesizer utilising Yamaha's 12-bit Advanced wave memory AWM synthesis technology. The tone generator is eight part multi-timbral (i.e. eight instruments may sound at once) and 28 note polyphony polyphonic (i.e. 28 notes may sound at once), which provides adequate support for sequences written on the unit. In other respects, however, the tone generator is quite limited. Only 30 instruments and one drum kit with 26 sounds are available. Furthermore, instruments can only be centred or panning panned completely left or right. These limitations can be understood in the context of the QY10's primary role as a composition tool, rather than as a musical instrument.

Applications
Although the primary use of the QY10 is as a portable composing tool, it has other applications. With its pattern-based sequencing system, it is particularly suited for use as an auto-accompaniment device, i.e. to provide backing tracks for a performing musician. Unlike other sequencers in the QY series, however, the QY10 cannot auto-harmonise its backing tracks to chords played on an external MIDI keyboard. Another application is as a general purpose MIDI sequencer, controlling instruments with far superior sounds than those available from its own tone generator. For this use, however, it has several disadvantages, including fixed MIDI channel assignments and limited support for MIDI control information. The pattern-based design of its sequencer might also be considered a disadvantage in this context.

Legacy
The QY10's legacy is the introduction of the walkstation and the QY sequencer. It has also influenced the physical design of many of Yamaha's subsequent devices, for example the Yamaha MU5 MU5 sound module, the Yamaha RY8 RY8 drum machine and the Yamaha SU10 SU10 sampler.

External links

- Yamaha manual library
- How to add GM support to the QY10 at Sound on Sound Magazine
- QY10 sequencing clinic at Sound on Sound magazine
- Kentucky LCD Interface Project Category:Yamaha music products QY10 ja:YAMAHA QYシリーズ see Yamaha QY10

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