Dictionary of Meaning
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D
*** Shopping-Tip: D
{{AZ|uc=D|lc=d}}
{{otheruses}}
The letter '''D''' is the fourth letter of the Latin
Alphabet alphabet. Its name in
English language English is ''dee''.
History
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse;text-align:center;"
|- bgcolor="#EEEEEE"
! Egyptian hieroglyph "door"
! Proto-Semitic D
! Phoenician D
! Etruscan D
! Greek Delta
|-----
|
O31
|
Image:Proto-semiticD-01.pngImage:Proto-semiticD-02.png
|
Image:PhoenicianD-01.png
|
Image:EtruscanD-01.png
|
Image:GreekD-01.png
|}
The Semitic letter
Daleth Dâlet probably developed from the
logogram for a fish or a door. There are various
Egyptian hieroglyphs that this might have inspired this. In Semitic, Ancient Greek and Latin, the letter was pronounced /d/; in the
Etruscan alphabet the letter was superfluous, but still maintained (see letter
B). Greek letter:
Delta (letter) Δ (capital) or δ (small) (Delta).
The
minuscule (lower-case) form of D, consisting of a loop and a tall vertical stroke, developed by gradual variations on the majuscule (capital) form. In handwriting it was common to start the arc to the left of the vertical stroke, resulting in a
serif at the top of the arc. This serif was extended while the rest of the letter was reduced, resulting in an angled stroke and loop. The angled stroke then developed into a vertical stroke.
Usage
The letter D generally takes the
voiced alveolar plosive value,
International Phonetic Alphabet IPA {{IPA|/d/}} in most languages that use the Roman alphabet, including
English language English. Exceptions to this include
Vietnamese language Vietnamese, where it represents a
voiced alveolar fricative (/z/) or a
palatal approximant (/j/), similar to the English letters ''z'' or ''y'' (the letter
D with stroke Ä‘ is used for the sound similar to the English d). In
Welsh language Welsh d when doubled (dd) has the value {{IPA|/ð/}}, like English ''th'' in ''this''.
Digraphs of D are rare in English, although other languages use DH or DD for a
voiced dental fricative (some
Celtic languages) or an aspirated
voiced dental plosive (some
Indo-Aryan languages), or use
affricate affricates DZ, DV, or DZH.
In
Cantonese (linguistics) Cantonese, the sound {{IPA|/d/}} means ''a little bit'', from the ancient use of the character 的 (in the phrase "兀的") in
Chinese written language. Since 的 is no longer used in this way,
Hong Kong Hong Kong residents invented a new character 啲 (which is not supported in many Chinese systems), or simply write '''D''' instead.
Codes for computing
{{Letter
|NATO=Delta
|Morse=–··
|B1=â—?
|B2=â—‹
|B3=â—‹
|B4=â—?
|B5=â—?
|B6=â—‹
}}
In
Unicode the
majuscule capital D is codepoint U+0044 and the
minuscule lowercase d is U+0064.
The
ASCII code for capital D is 68 and for lowercase d is 100; or in
Binary numeral system binary 01000100 and 01100100, correspondingly.
The
EBCDIC code for capital D is 196 and for lowercase d is 132.
The
numeric character references in
HTML and
XML are "
D" and "
d" for upper and lower case respectively.
Meanings
Science & Math
* In
astronomy,
** D stands for destroyed/disappeared comet, as in
D/1993 F2, Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9.
* In
biochemistry, D is the symbol for
aspartic acid.
* In
chemistry, D is the symbol of
deuterium, an
isotope of
hydrogen.
* In
Earth Science the
Earth's atmosphere atmosphere of
Earth, the
D region D layer is part of the
ionosphere.
* In
economics, D stands for
demand.
* In
electronics, D is a standard size dry cell
battery (electricity) battery.
* In
geometry, d is often a
variable for the
diameter of a
circle.
* In
mathematics,
** d is the symbol for the total
differential operator (partial differentials use ∂).
** D is often used as a
numerical digit digit meaning ''
thirteen'' in
hexadecimal and other positional
numeral systems with a
radix of 14 or greater.
**
Blackboard bold represents the unit disk in the
complex plane, or the decimal fractions (see
numbers).
* In
metrology, d is the symbol for
day (from the Latin ''dies''; this is the only symbol for this unit acceptable for use with
SI)
* In
nutrition, D is a
Vitamin D vitamin.
* In
physics:
** In
particle physics, d is the symbol of the
deuteron.
** In
molecular physics, ''D'' is the recommended symbol for: diffusion coefficient
** In
molecular spectroscopy, ''d'' is the recommended symbol for: thickness, diameter, relative density (mechanics), lattice plane spacing (solid state physics), and degeneracy of vibrational mode.
** In
solid state physics, ''D'' is the recommended symbol for:
Debye-Waller factor.
** '''''D''''' is the recommended symbol for electric displacement.
* In the
SI system, d,
deci, is the
SI prefix meaning one tenth, 10
-1.
Others
* In American
politics, D is often used as an abbreviation for a
Democratic Party (United States) Democrat.
*
Brassiere cup size D
* In British currency, d is an abbreviation (from the Latin ''denarius'') for the pre-decimalization
penny, worth 1/240th of a pound.
* In
calendars, D is often an abbreviation for the
month December.
* In
computing,
** D is the name of
D programming language (disambiguation) various programming languages, most notably the
D programming language by
Walter Bright.
** D is a security division ("Minimal Protection") in the
TCSEC.
* In
driving a
motor vehicle, D (drive) designates the forward cruising gears in an
automatic transmission.
* In
education, D is a barely passing
Grade (education) grade.
* In
finance, D is the
New York Stock Exchange ticker symbol for the
Richmond, Virginia company
Dominion Resources Dominion.
* In
List of international license plate codes international licence plate codes, D stands for
Germany.
* In
music, D is a
note.
* In
print, ''
D Magazine'' is a
magazine for the city of
Dallas, Texas.
* In
Roman numerals, D denotes the number
500 (number) 500 (there are also separate
Unicode characters for this number, 0x216E "â…®" and 0x217E "â…¾").
* In
sports, D is often used as an
abbreviation for
Defense (sport) defence.
* In
video games, ''
D (video game) D'' is the title of a game released in the mid-1990s for
PlayStation.
*
D (Japanese band) D is also the name of a Japanese VK band.
* On the serial numbers of
United States dollars, D identifies the
Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.
See also
*
Eth (letter) Eth (�, ð)
*
D with stroke (Ä?, Ä‘)
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